In order to evaluate the effects of organic, chemical and integrated nutrition systems on morpho-physiological traits of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), an experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Urmia, Iran, during 2016-2017 growing season. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with three replications. The experimental treatments included NPK, two organic (vermicompost and biochar), two biological (nitroxin and bio super phosphate) fertilizers and their all twin combinations and control (non-fertilized). Our results showed that the application of organic fertilizers caused a significant increase in yield and essential oil content in oregano. On the other hand, integrated nutrition treatments had the most effect on increasing the traits in compared with the individual treatments. The highest essential oil yield was obtained from Nitroxin treatment (871.27 kg ha-1) in the second year. Whereas, the lowest value of essential oil yield was found in control (non-fertilized) (25.92 kg ha-1) in the first year. The present study clearly indicated that chemical fertilizers could be replaced by biofertilizers resulted in similar oil yield.

Article Subject: Antibiotic Resistance DOI: Background and Aims: Staphylococcus aureus infection needs long-term treatment with antibiotics which may cause adverse effects on many body organs and antibiotics resistance. Therefore, the use of natural and herbal compounds has been under consideration. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the effects of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and sesame (Sesamum indicum) oils were assessed on S. aureus growth regarding zone of inhibited growth (Antibiogram test), Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Results & Discussion: considering antibiogram test, there was a statistically significant difference between sesame and sunflower oil (72 hours ozonate) and pure sesame and sunflower oils and ciprofloxacin antibiotic, as well as negative control distilled water after 24 and 48 hours (P≤0.05). The results showed that antibiotic, ozonated water, ozonated sesame and sunflower oils had 12, 8, 4, and 3 mm inhibition zones after 24 hours on S. aureus bacteria, respectively. The MBC and MIC values of ozonated sunflower and sesame oil on S. aureus were 0.064, 0.032, 0.322 and 0.008 mg/mL, respectively. Sesame and sunflower oils can be used as inhibitors of the growth of S. aureus in pharmaceutical formulations such as wound and burn healing ointments.