On the basis of these results, topical liposomal TA can be used as a new, effective, safe, and promising therapeutic agent in melasma.

Important vascular patterns seen in melanocytic and non-melanocytic tumors were frequently observed in this infection. Dermoscopy may be a promising tool to predict the clinical course in cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Introduction:We evaluated the effectiveness of concomitant treatment with methotrexate (MTX) plus micronutrients in comparison with monotherapy with MTX only in psoriasis patients. Plasma levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were also measured and their association with clinical severity was evaluated. Methods: Thirty psoriasis patients 20 to 50 years old with a PASI score > 10 were divided randomly into two groups. Both groups were given oral methotrexate (0.2-0.3 mg/kg/week) for 12 weeks. In addition, Group B received one tablet of micronutrient supplement daily. Disease severity was calculated using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score before and after 12 weeks. Levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: We found that 13 (86.6%) patients in Group B and 8 (53.3%) patients in Group A attained a mild PASI score (≤ 10% body involvement). IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly decreased in favor of Group B (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between changes in both IL-1β and TNF-α levels and PASI score after the study (p < 0.05). Conclusion:The results obtained were positive, and therefore double-blind randomized trials with a larger sample size are highly suggested to confirm or reject these results.

Background:Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common cause of alopecia in women, characterized by diffuse nonscarring hair loss in frontal, central, and parietal areas of the scalp. Pathophysiology of FPHL is still not well known, and it is probably a multifactorial genetic trait. FPHL is also observed in women without increased androgen levels, which raises the likelihood of androgen-independent mechanisms and explains the lack of response to antiandrogen treatments in some patients. Vitamin D is a factor that has recently been considered in dealing with these patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of Vitamin D in patients with FPHL and compare it with healthy controls.Methods:In this case-control study, 45 women with FPHL were evaluated as well as the same number of healthy women matched for age, hours spent under sunlight per day, and body mass index. Serum 25(OH) D3 level was measured using ELISA.Results:60% of FPHL patients were in 15–30 years old age group with the mean standard deviation (SD) age of 29.11 (7.30) years. In the majority of patients (66.7%), severity of hair loss was Ludwig I. Mean (SD) serum Vitamin D3 level in patient and control group was 13.45 (8.40) and 17.16 (8.96), respectively. T-test showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of Vitamin D3 serum levels (P = 0.04).Conclusions:This study indicated the correlation between the incidence of FPHL and decreased serum levels of Vitamin D3. It is recommended to evaluate serum Vitamin D3 levels as well as other hormone assays in these patients.

Summary Background Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of hair loss in men, which is manifested by a progressive terminal hair loss in specific areas of scalp. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is among treatment options for androgenetic alopecia. PRP is a human platelet concentrate in a small volume of plasma containing certain cytokines. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous PRP in treatment of male androgenetic alopecia. Methods This was a clinical trial in 19 patients with grade III vertex to grade V androgenetic alopecia referring to the Clinic of Ghaem Hospital between March 2015 and March 2016. All obtained liquid PRP (5 cc) was injected at around 125 points (equals to 125 cm2) into the scalp, and operation was repeated in three sessions at 0, 4, and 8 weeks. We took macroscopic and dermoscopic pictures of each patient in 0, 4, and 8 weeks and 3 months after the last injection session. A dermatologist evaluated the treatment response using dermoscopy photos. Result Our results showed that the trend of hair thickness and number variations during study period was significant (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant change in the hair thickness from the second injection forward. Our findings indicate the number of hair follicles during follow‐up in pairwise comparison was significantly more than baseline. Conclusion Findings of our study were in line with other studies in this field and showed that the use of PRP as a new and safe treatment can be effective in androgenetic alopecia.