No abstract

Wayfinding is an issue in complex facilities-including hospitals, airports, and office buildings-and wayfinding difficulties are associated with negative psychological and physiological consequences. In addition, since finding one's way in a building is a prerequisite for successfully using that building, wayfinding has attracted the attention of scholars and decision makers. The goal of this article is to review and synthesize the published literature on wayfinding in interior environments. A systematic search was conducted of four databases: PsychINFO, JSTOR, ProQuest, and EBSCO. A hand search was also conducted. From the initial harvest of 804 records, a total of 84 records met the inclusion criteria for full review. After several rounds of review, four broad domains were identified: (1) wayfinding cognition, (2) wayfinding behavior, (3) individual and group differences, and (4) environmental factors. These domains are used as a framework to organize the findings, and the review shows that the sub-domains most thoroughly addressed in the literature are spatial memories, floor plan configuration, landmarks, signs, and maps. This review can deepen the field's understanding of factors that contribute to interior wayfinding and can serve as a resource for decision makers and designers.

Facility management involves a variety of processes with a large amount of data for managing and maintaining facilities. Improved and emerging technologies available to facility managers have provided opportunities for easier access and management of the data allowing for more effective and efficient operation and maintenance. The concept of big data can help with extracting meaningful and valuable information from the available data. Current facility management practices and processes have many data management challenges, including data loss, time wasted for searching information, lack of interoperability, and so on. Lack of proper decision-making approaches and lack of maintenance planning can increase the cost of operation, influencing the quality of facility management. To effectively overcome these challenges and gaps, proper data management approaches and tools should be implemented. A structured literature review was conducted to identify challenges and gaps in three key facility processes: processing work orders, timely access to relevant data during field maintenance operations, and quality control/quality assurance of field tasks. This paper provides an overview of the three key processes, summarizes the challenges and gaps identified for each key process and proposes a framework to improve on the execution of these processes and enhance facility management decision making.

In the current study, a novel severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique entitled cyclic extrusion channel angular pressing (CECAP) is proposed appropriate for producing ultrafine grained cylindrical material. In this new method, cyclic extrusion compression (CEC) and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) processes are combined which solves drawbacks of both processes.Advantageous of the new process may be considered in two views of points of processing and properties. This new process increases the hydrostatic compressive stress of ECAP as well as shear to the total strain of CEC. Also, CECAP solves needing back pressure problem of CEC process which is an important feature of the new process. The process treated an AZ91 alloy and remarkable grain refinement and significant improvement in strength, ductility and hardness were achieved because of higher hydrostatic compressive stresses.

No abstract