Morinda citrifolia is a plant with broad nutraceutical and therapeutic effects and used in the traditional treatment of several ailments. The objective of this work is to investigate the phytochemistry of the fruit juice of M. citrifolia on one hand and on other hand to evaluate its antiradical and antibacterial activity. The phytochemical investigation was carried out by tube staining tests of the extract of two types of fruit juice of M. citrifolia . The antioxidant activity of these juices was evaluated by reducing the DPPH radical method. Concerning the antibacterial activity, it was tested on the in vitro growth of 10 reference bacterial strains using the well diffusion method. Qualitative phytochemistry of M. citrifolia fruit juices revealed the presence of large groups of secondary metabolites including polyphenols, reducing compounds, mucilage and terpernoids. The antioxidant activity of M. citrifolia fruit juices is dose-dependent and higher than that of ascorbic acid. Antimicrobial activity on other hand revealed that fruit juices inhibit growth inhibitory activity of Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Proteus mirabilis , S. epidermidis , Proteus vulgaris , Streptococcus oralis , Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli . This observed difference is significant for each juices on the strains ( p < 0.001). These results support the use of M. citrifolia in traditional medicine and are the starting points for the development of a new drug to combat both dietary conditions and chronic conditions associated with oxidative stress.

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Combretum glutinosum and Mitragyna inermis are two plants used in Benin as a dewormer and antibiotic in traditional human and veterinary medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the both plants tannin extracts. The extracts were tested in vitro on Haemonchus contortus larvae and worms and on the growth of 11 reference strains by agar medium diffusion method. Their chemical compositions were determined by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. It was found that total tannins extracted from plant leaves showed a strong inhibition on H. contortus larvae and adult worms compared to the negative control. Concerning the antimicrobial activity, M. inermis extract had an effect only on Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a MIC of 2.5 mg/mL. C. glutinosum extract inhibited the growth of most microbial strains with MIC values ranging from 1.25 to 20 mg/mL. The DPPH test showed that the extracts of C. glutinosum (IC 50 = 8.04 µg/mL) and M. inermis (IC 50 = 11.21 µg/mL) have good antioxidant activity and these results are confirmed by the FRAP method. Four (4) compounds could be identified in the tannin extract of C. glutinosum and could explain its activities. The results obtained from this work revealed that the tannins extracted from C. glutinosum showed better anthelmintic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities compared to the extracts from M. inermis.

A b s t r a c t A r t i c l e I n f oLippia multiflora Moldenke, is a minor aromatic leafy vegetable mainly consumed in central Benin that belong to the country's neglected and underutilised species (NUS). Extracts of its leaves and flowers collected from six different zones (Bantè, Dassa-Zoumè, Djidja, Glazoué, Savalou and Savè) were assessed for phytochemical composition and tested for cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of almost the same phytochemical groups (cathetic and gallic tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, leucoanthocyanes, triterpenoids, mucilage, coumarins and the reducing compounds) in both leaves and flowers from all sites with variable abundances. Alkaloids were found only in leaves while steroids, quinone derivatives and combined anthracene C-heterosides were identified uniquely in flowers. The nature and the functions of the compounds found justify the perceived medicinal values of the species. Extracts from both leaves and flowers showed positive action on shrimp larvae but with CL 50 of (13.28±1.52 mg/ml for leaves; 0.46±0.05 mg/ml for flowers) superior to 0.1mg/ml, hence indicating the non-toxicity of Lippia multiflora.

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