This study showed that the FIM + FAM-j demonstrated acceptable levels of validity and reliability when used for CVA as a measure of disability.

Background Coronavirus Disease 2019-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a fatal complication in the general population. However, there are few reports on CAPA in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Methods This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at a single center between December 2020 and June 2021. We enrolled 21 HD patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) undergoing treatment and divided them into two groups: CAPA and non-CAPA (COVID-19 with and without pulmonary aspergillosis); we evaluated their characteristics, clinical outcomes, and comorbidities. Results The log-rank test revealed that the 90-day survival rate after the initiation of treatment for COVID-19 was significantly lower in the CAPA (n = 6) than in the non-CAPA group (n = 15) (P = 0.0002), and the 90-day mortality rates were 66.6% and 0% in the CAPA and non-CAPA groups, respectively. In the CAPA group, four patients died due to respiratory failure (on days 6 and 20), gastrointestinal bleeding (day 8), and sepsis (day 33); the RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 remained positive when they died. The remaining two patients survived, and the negative conversion of RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed on days 10 and 15. The negative conversion of serum (1, 3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) was confirmed on day 15 in one patient; the BDG remained positive on day 64 in the other. Conclusions CAPA is a fatal complication in HD patients and the general population. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility of testing for CAPA in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Mycological workups may be helpful for the early detection of CAPA.

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