Background:HTLV-1 infection is associated not only with some severe manifestations, such as HAM and ATLL, but also with other, less severe conditions. Some studies have reported neurological manifestations who did not meet all the criteria for the diagnosis of HAM in individuals infected with HTLV-1, these conditions may later progress to HAM or constitute an intermediate clinical form, between asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers and those with full myelopathy. This study evaluated the prognostic value and looked for a possible association of those parameters with the Intermediate Syndrome (IS) status and HAM status.Methods:Proviral load, spontaneous lymphoproliferation, IFN-γ spontaneous production was quantified in samples of asymptomatic and HAM patients, as well as patients with IS.Results:50-60 years was critical age range for SI outcome and more of 60 years old for HAM outcome with increased risk of 2.5 fold for IS and 6.8 fold for HAM. IFN-γ was increased in IS patients compared with AC (p=0.007) and in HAM patients compared with AC (p=0.03). Lymphoproliferation was increased in HAM vs AC (p=0.0001) and IS patients (p=0.0001). Proviral load was similar between groups.Conclusion:IFN-γ has high specificity of prediction of subject remain asymptomatic compared with PVL and LPA tests. IFN-γ has been shown to be a biomarker of progression to intermediate stage and to HAM. The association of other markers with manifestations associated with HTLV-1 infection that does not meet the HAM criteria should be verified.

No significant increase of basal T-cell proliferation among Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1 co-infected was observed. This interaction may be implicated in liver damage, worsening the prognosis of co-infected patients or, on the contrary, inducing a higher spontaneous clearance of Hepatitis C Virus infection in Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1 co-infected patients.

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