BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing substantially worldwide, leading to serious economic effects, complications and deaths. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an empowerment program providing support for psychosocial, behavioral, and clinical aspects of diabetes to help Brazilian users of public health services obtain metabolic control of this condition.MethodsIn this cluster randomized trial, participants aged 30–80 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were recruited from ten Brazilian public health units in 2014 and 2015. Five units were randomly assigned to receive the empowerment program based on a behavior change protocol, and five continued to receive only conventional treatment. The primary outcome was the biochemical and anthropometric parameters, and the secondary outcomes were self-care, attitude, knowledge and empowerment related to diabetes. The effect of the experiment was defined as the percentage variation between the values at the initial and final periods. To evaluate this effect and to compare it in the two groups, tests were used for paired and independent samples, respectively.ResultsThere were 238 participants: 127 and 111 in the intervention and control group, respectively. For glycated hemoglobin, the mean effect in the control and intervention groups was 3.93 and −5.13, respectively (p < 0.001). Levels of glycated hemoglobin and other metabolic indicators, as well as the most part of the secondary outcomes showed a significant difference in the experimental group compared to the control group.ConclusionsThe empowerment program improved metabolic control of type 2 diabetes in Brazilian users.Trial registration NCT02132338 - April 22, 2014.

Objective: To analyze the association between the time of disease and the onset of diabetes mellitus complications and to describe the characteristics of the diabetics' population of a mid-sized city located in the Midwest of the state of Minas Gerais. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 1320 patients with diabetes mellitus. The data were obtained from the registration system of Hypertensive and diabetic patients and the following variables were evaluated: sociodemographic characteristics, duration of disease and diabetes complications. Results: Among patients who have the diagnosis of the disease for more than 10 years, the percentage of those that present complications 156 (32.2%) is higher than among those with the diagnosis of the disease for less than 10 years 45 (12.1%). Conclusion:The results showed that the onset of diabetes-related complications might be associated with the duration of disease. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar a associação entre o tempo da doença e o aparecimento de complicações do diabetes mellitus e descrever as características da população de diabéticos de um município de médio porte do Centro Oeste mineiro. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 1320 usuários com diabetes mellitus. Os dados foram obtidos do sistema de cadastramento de Hipertensos e Diabéticos e foram avaliadas as variáveis: características sociodemográficas, duração da doença e complicações do diabetes. Resultados: Entre os usuários que possuem o diagnóstico da doença há mais de 10 anos, o percentual daqueles que apresentam complicações 156 (32,2%) é maior do que entre os que possuem o diagnóstico da doença há menos de 10 anos 45 (12,1%). Conclusão: Os resultados apontaram que a presença de complicações relacionadas ao diabetes pôde ser associada ao tempo de duração da doença.

Group education caused an increase in the scores of the scales of adherence to self-care practices and empowerment, in addition to an improvement in glycemic levels, as shown by glycated hemoglobin results. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-92j38t.

Objective:to compare the adherence and empowerment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for self-care practices and glycemic control in group education strategies and home visits. Method:Clinical trial with ten randomized clusters, performed with 238 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus distributed in group education, home visit, and control group. Socio-demographic data, glycated hemoglobin and those obtained from the self-care and empowerment questionnaires were collected. Statistical analysis was performed separately by educational strategy. Results:the mean age of the patients was 57.8 years old (SD = 9.4 years old), with a predominantly female participation (66.4%). Both strategies presented similar results regarding adherence to self-care practices and patient empowerment. There was also a reduction in glycated hemoglobin levels; however, only in the education group, the difference presented statistical significance (p <0.001). Conclusion:the strategies were effective; however, group education presented better glycemic control results in relation to the home visit. International registry: NCT02132338 and national: RBR-92j38t in the clinical trials registry.

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um programa educacional baseado no empoderamento das práticas de autocuidado para favorecer o cumprimento de metas em usuários com diabetes tipo 2 na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Material e método: Estudo quasi-experimental, do tipo antes e depois realizado durante 12 meses, com 127 usuários com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em seguimento num programa educacional para empoderamento em práticas de autocuidado, em cinco unidades de saúde da família da atenção primária à saúde em uma cidade de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para os dados sociodemográficos utilizou-se instrumento próprio criado para a pesquisa. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: características sociodemográficas colhidas por meio de entrevista e instrumento próprio criado para a pesquisa, características clínicas e metabólicas extraídos por meio de coleta sanguínea, nível de empoderamento colhido por meio da Escala de Empoderamento e cumprimento de metas por meio de entrevista e instrumento próprio criado para a pesquisa. Resultados: Entre os participantes, 33,9% (43) dos usuários autodeclararam cumprirem parcialmente e 66,1% (84) totalmente as metas, para o favorecimento da mudança em comportamento e melhora do controle do diabetes. Em relação ao empoderamento, a chance de cumprimento total de metas no grupo com maior pontuação é 2,98 vezes a chance do grupo com menor pontuação (IC95%: 1,30-6,86). Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que o programa educacional baseado no empoderamento das práticas de autocuidado favoreceu o cumprimento de metas em usuários com diabetes tipo 2 na Atenção Primária à Saúde.