Short and narrow roads are generally overlooked when assessing road impacts on biodiversity. However, these roads bisect natural environments and may cause significant impacts on wildlife in local scale. Thus, we monitored roadkills along a short two-lane road (CPM road) in Southeastern Brazil and propose mitigation strategies to reduce wildlife mortality. We monitored roadkilled vertebrates along 5 km of CPM road from 2010 to 2016 and we also compiled data from previous studies along the same road. We conducted a hotspot analysis to identify CPM road areas with significant roadkill aggregation. We recorded 77 roadkilled vertebrates from 14 taxonomic groups along the CPM road. Mammals were the most frequently recorded group (91% of roadkills), which represented 56% of all medium-and large-sized mammal species known to occur in the study area. We identified three roadkill hotspots along the CPM road. Two of them were located at two stream crossings, where the road cut across the associated riparian forests, and the other was at a road section with water drainage from a pond, also connected to a riparian forest. These riparian forests are part of the remaining natural habitat that provides connectivity between the forest remnants in the landscape, and therefore, for wildlife. Our results showed that even short and narrow roads can have considerable roadkill, which may have severe effects for wildlife on a local scale. The results stress the need to carefully look at these types of roads and propose measures to reduce impacts. We propose the creation of safe crossing opportunities in the hotspot zones combined with wildlife fencing to keep the animals off the road and guide them towards the safe crossing opportunities.

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal‐central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation‐related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data.

Os exames hematológicos são essenciais na investigação da etiologia e cronicidade das doenças, além de auxiliarem nas pesquisas. No entanto, os valores de referência para hemograma e parâmetros bioquímicos de gatos selvagens são escassos, restringindo medidas de tratamento e prevenção, agravando os riscos de extinção dessas espécies. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o hemograma e parâmetros bioquímicos de gatos selvagens saudáveis ​​mantidos em cativeiro em um centro de conservação em Ribeirão Preto (SP). Amostras de sangue foram coletadas de seis gatos selvagens, incluindo quatro Puma concolor, um Panthera onca e um Panthera leo. Quanto ao hemograma, os valores de glóbulos vermelhos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, volume corpuscular médio, hemoglobina corpuscular média, concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média, plaquetas, leucócitos totais, mielócitos, metamielócitos, bastonetes, segmentados, linfócitos, monócitos, eosinófilos e basófilos foram analisados. Em relação aos parâmetros bioquímicos, os valores de aspartato aminotransferase, alanina aminotransferase, gama-glutamil transferase, fosfatase alcalina, creatina quinase, ureia, creatinina, nitrogênio ureico no sangue (BUN), razão BUN/creatinina, proteína total, albumina, globulina, fibrinogênio total, colesterol, triglicerídeos, ferro sérico, cálcio, fósforo e amilase foram estudados. Em adição a literatura, o hemograma e os valores bioquímicos encontrados neste estudo indicam que pode haver variações nos parâmetros hematológicos em função do sexo do animal e entre populações em cativeiro e em vida livre. Além disso, neste estudo, alguns parâmetros hematológicos de gatos selvagens diferiram daquelas referências para gatos domésticos.

Cracids represent one of the most threatened groups of birds in Latin America, in which more than a third of the species are in danger of extinction, especially the bare-faced curassow (Crax fasciolata), classified as critically endangered in the State of Sao Paulo. In this context, measures are necessary to guarantee its conservation, such as the evaluation of areas with occurrence of the species, as well as the conservation of the last remnants of semideciduous forest in the State. Thus, this article aims to present the records of specimens of the Crax fasciolata species, obtained through photographic trapping, in the year 2019, in a Municipal Conservation Unit located in the urban area of ​​the municipality of Franca, São Paulo. Four specimens were visualized, three females and one male, in an area of ​​Semideciduous Seasonal Forest. Thus, it is concluded that the protected area is characterized as a favorable environment for the survival of the species, pointing out the extreme importance of the Conservation Unit.