No abstract

Background: Menisci play a pivotal role in functioning of knee joint. It contributes to the smooth movements of the joint by improving congruence, weight distribution and proprioception. The injuries of the menisci can disable as they lead to degenerative changes. Meniscal transplantation is latest of the adopted procedures in orthopedic surgeries. Therefore a thorough anatomical knowledge of the meniscal parameters is an essential need.Objectives: The aim of the research was to study the variation in distance between anterior horn and posterior horn of menisci and to find out relation between area of the menisci and area of corresponding tibial plate. Materials and Methods:The study was conducted on 60 Menisci (30 Lower Limbs) from donated dead bodies to Department of Anatomy, Medical college, Baroda. Data was analyzed statistically using student's t-test. P value < 0.05 is considered significant. Data is presented as mean + SD and analyzed with the help of Microsoft Excel.Result: In the study it was observed that on the medial side the distance between anterior and posterior horns is 28.87 + 1.06 mm whereas on the lateral side, is 12.60 + 0.35mm. The ratio between the areas of the menisci to the tibial plate was observed as 58% for medial and 54% for lateral menisci. Conclusion:The anatomical knowledge of the dimensions of the menisci would prove to be helpful in guiding meniscal transplantation with allografts. It will be useful to various orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, forensic experts, anatomists and physiotherapists alike.

Background: Nose is an important anatomical and physiological part of face. Its anatomy considerably affects its function of inhalation and temperature regulation of inspired air. The anatomy is affected by genetic, racial as well as geographical factors. The aim of the study was to measure nasal height and width in the population being studied so as to calculate nasal index and classify noses on the basis of calculated index. Materials and method:The study was conducted on 159 healthy volunteers aged 18-25 years in Medical College Baroda, Gujarat. Nasal height and Nasal width were measured by digital vernier caliper and the nasal index was calculated. The type of nose was determined on the basis of the nasal index.Results: In the present study the mean nasal index is found to be 73.28+10. Mean nasal index is observed as 106.46+6.24 in males & 71.94+8.02 in females. The t test value calculated is 26.725 at CI 95% with P<0.0001 showing highly significant difference in nasal indices of male and female. Mesorrhine is the commonest nasal type found. Conclusion:The study will be highly useful to plastic surgeons, craniofacial surgeons, otolaryngologists, anatomists, forensic experts, orthodontists and medical illustrators alike.

Background: Hippocampus is one of the key parts of limbic system. It is located in the floor of the inferior horn of lateral ventricle. Materials and methods:The study is conducted on 50 Hippocampi removed from 25 cadaveric brains in Medical College Baroda, Gujarat. The volume of each is measured by water displacement method.Results: It is observed that the mean volume for the sample is 2.26+0.88cc. The mean volume on right side is 2.37+0.88cc and on the left side is 2.12+0.88cc. The mean volumes seen in male and female hippocampi are 2.14+0.70cc and 2.52+1.21cc respectively. The mean volume in the age group 60-80 years is 2.55+0.65cc and in the age group 81 years onwards, it is 2.0+1.03cc. The difference in volumes of the two age groups is found to be statistically significant. Conclusion:The study will be useful to anatomists, Neurologists, Neurosurgeons and psychiatrists alike.