To determine whether there is any difference between virtual reality game-based balance training and real-world task-specific balance training in improving sitting balance and functional performance in individuals with paraplegia. The study was a pre test-post test experimental design. There were 30 participants (28 males, 2 females) with traumatic spinal cord injury randomly assigned to 2 groups (group A and B). The levels of spinal injury of the participants were between T6 and T12. The virtual reality game-based balance training and real-world task-specific balance training were used as interventions in groups A and B, respectively. The total duration of the intervention was 4 weeks, with a frequency of 5 times a week; each training session lasted 45 minutes. The outcome measures were modified Functional Reach Test (mFRT), t-shirt test, and the self-care component of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure-III (SCIM-III). There was a significant difference for time ( = .001) and Time × Group effect ( = .001) in mFRT scores, group effect ( = .05) in t-shirt test scores, and time effect ( = .001) in the self-care component of SCIM-III. Virtual reality game-based training is better in improving balance and functional performance in individuals with paraplegia than real-world task-specific balance training.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) scale to measure balance and gait impairments in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods:
A convenient sample of 25 individuals with bilateral OA knee were recruited. The convergent validity was determined by correlation analysis between scores of Berg Balance Scale (BBS) with balance subscale (POMA-B) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) with gait subscale (POMA-G). The intrarater reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 3,1)], the Bland–Altman plots limits of agreement (LOA), the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimum detectable change (MDC) and ceiling/floor effects were determined.
Results:
Score of BBS was significantly correlated with POMA-B scores, r
s
= 0.63,
p
= 0.001, whereas TUGT showed a negative correlation with POMA-G, r
s
= −0.481,
p
= 0.020, showing moderate convergent validity. ICC results of the total POMA scale (POMA-T), POMA-B, and POMA-G were 0.96, 0.93, and 0.96, respectively, indicating high test retest reliability. SEM, for POMA-T, POMA-B, and POMA-G was 0.35, 0.27, and 0.35, respectively; MDC values were 0.97 for POMA-T, 0.75 for POMA-B, and 0.63 for POMA-G.
Conclusion:
The findings indicate that the POMA is a valid and reliable tool to assess balance and gait impairments in people with OA knee.
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