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The effect of Basil Seed Gum (BSG) on the rheological and physical properties of foams made of egg white albumin was investigated. The quadratic model was selected as a suitable statistic model for all responses. The increase in the BSG concentration from 0.1% to 0.6% (w/v) increased stability and density of the produced foam while it decreased drainage and overrun of the foams. Increase in albumin concentration from 0.3% to 0.5% (w/v) led to an increase in foam overrun, but a decrease in foam density. Storage modulus was greater than loss modulus at all frequency regions and both of these parameters increased because of the increase in frequency. Maximum tan (δ) was observed at high concentrations of albumin and low concentration of BSG (0.5% and 0.1% w/v, respectively). Overall, it was found that BSG could be used for improving the stability of the foams in the food products containing egg white albumin

The Padma is the second longest and one of the trans-boundary rivers of Bangladesh that significantly contributes to fisheries production and supports the fishers’ livelihoods. This study assesses the livelihood characteristics of the Padma river-dependent migratory and non-migratory fishers, employing household interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews from July to October, 2015. All migratory fishers were full-time fishers, whereas, non-migratory fishers included full time (88.89%), part-time and occasional fishers (11.11%). Maximum fishers were belonging to the age group of 31 to 50 years of which 94.74% were migratory and 57.4% were non-migratory fishers. Half of the migratory and non-migratory fishers were illiterate. 89.47% migratory fishers used river water for drinking and other purposes, whereas, 94.44% non-migratory fishers used tube-well water. Average annual incomes of both migratory (58%) and non-migratory (65%) fishers ranged from Tk. 30,000 to 60,000, whereas 26% migratory and 5% non-migratory fishers had average annual incomes above Tk. 60,000. The overall livelihood status of the migratory and non-migratory fishers was not satisfactory as they have faced problems like conflicts with elite groups for resources, lack of fish preservation facilities. Effective initiatives and their proper implementations are very crucial to develop the Padma river fisher’s livelihood conditions.