The present study was elucidating the cardioprotective activity of hydroethanoic extract of Zanthoxylum armatum (Z. armatum) fruit on serum cardiac markers, lipid profile and the level of antioxidants in experimentally induced myocardial infarction (MI). The hydroethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruit was administered at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight for 30 days to male Wistar albino rats. On 28th and 29th day, isoproterenol (ISO) (8.5mg/100g body weight) wasadministered to induce MI. Animals were sacrificed; blood and heart tissues were removed and the biochemical parameters were carried out. Serum markers such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and troponin –T were significantly (p<0.05) increased after ISO treatment. Altered lipid profile and significant changes in enzymic and non- enzymic antioxidants were also observed in MI. The altered levels were brought back to near normal by the administration of hydroethanoic extract of Z. armatum fruit which might be due to the active phytoconstituents present in it.

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Mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes are prominent membranes of cardiac cells and are the factors that determine membrane function in myocardial ischemia. In this study, isolation of mitochondria and lysosome from heart tissue under the control, isoproterenol (ISO) (8.5mg/100g) induced cardiotoxic rats and oral pretreatment with Z. armatum fruit (200, 400mg/kg body weight) treated rats. Further characterization of marker enzymes was done. A decreased in the activity of all the mitochondrial and lysosomal marker enzymes in ISO administered cardiotoxic rats when compared to control rats which indicate ISO decreased the stability of the membrane. Pretreatment with hydroethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruit to ISO induced rats significantly reverted these biochemical alterations near to normal. The possible mechanism for the protection of heart mitochondria and lysosome against oxidative damage induced by ISO might be due to quenching of free radicals and enhancing the action of marker enzymes.

Membrane bound adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) shed a massive function into the contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle via keeping the normal ion levels within the myocyte. The current study aims to assess the potency of Zanthoxylum armatum (Z. armatum) fruit on membrane bound ATPases and ions in Isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infracted rats. The hydroethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruit was administered at a dose of 200 and 400mg/kg body weight for 30 days to male Wistar albino rats. On 28th and 29th day, ISO (8.5mg/100g body weight) used to be administered to induce myocardial infarction (MI). ISO treated rats confirmed a significant increase in the levels of tissue sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) ions and membrane bound Ca2+ ATPase then Mg2+ ATPase activity. A significant decrease in tissue potassium (K+), Na +/K+ ATPase was observed which indicates membrane destabilization. Pretreatment with hydroethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruit to ISO induced rats significantly (p<0.05) prevented the altered membrane bound enzymes to near normal status. The findings of the present study indicate the protective effect of Z. armatum fruit on altered ion pumps and destabilization on the cardiac membrane into ISO induced MI rats which might also be due to the presence of phytoconstituents.