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Background This study aimed to evaluate the effect of local nasal desmopressin premedication on blood loss and the quality of surgical field in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS). Material and methods In a randomized clinical trial, patients referred for FESS to treat their bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis were recruited. The participants were adults (≥18 years). They were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive low‐dose (20 μg) or high‐dose (40 μg) intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) or placebo 60 min before the induction of general anesthesia. Standard FESS was performed by the same surgeon. The primary outcomes were volume of intraoperative bleeding and the quality of surgical field. Clean surgical field was defined as a score ≤2 on the Boezaart grading system. Results A total of 120 patients were included on an intention‐to‐treat basis (mean age: 41.0 years; 40 women, 80 men). There were no significant differences in primary outcomes between low‐dose DDAVP and placebo. As for the volume of blood loss, however, there was a significant difference between high‐dose DDAVP and placebo (mean difference: 29.6 ml; adjusted Cohen's d: −1.02; p < .001). Also, in the high‐dose DDAVP, the probability of having a good surgical field over time was about two times higher than in the placebo group (RRs for first and second surgical sides: 1.89 and 2.18). The number needed to treat for the two time points was 1.6 and 1.3, respectively. Conclusion The present study showed that the use of desmopressin at a dose of 40 μg 1 h before surgery can reduce bleeding and improve the quality of the surgical field. Further studies are recommended to be able to generalize these findings to other ENT surgeries. Level of evidence 1b.

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Single early counts of radicle emergence (RE) is a validated vigour test for four crop species. We performed this study to see whether an early radicle emergence (RE) count predicts the emergence of seedlings in Desi chickpea seed lots as well as an electrical conductivity (EC) test. Electrical conductivity measurements of 11 seed lots were highly predictive of field emergence (FE) (R2 = 0.626**). The radicle emergence was counted at regular time intervals of six hours, up to 72 hours after imbibition. Mean germination time (MGT) clearly predicted variation in number of seedlings in the field. This evidence supports the idea that the variation in the germination time between seed lots can be an early indicator of seed vigour. Early RE counts at 48 hours also had a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.764***) with FE. The negative correlation between EC and the single early count of RE at different germination times indicated that the two tests identified the same differences in vigour. The strong relationships between RE at 48 hours with both EC and FE supports the proposal that a single count of RE could be an alternative vigour test for Desi chickpea.