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-Location-aided routing (LAR) is a mechanism which attempts to reduce the control message overhead of Ad-hoc ondemand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol by flooding only the portion of the network that is likely to contain the route to destination. LAR takes advantage of Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates to identify a possible location of the destination node. Based on this information, LAR defines a portion of the network which will be subject to the limited flooding, thus reducing the total number of the control packet traveling through the network during the route discovery process. GeoAODV is a variation of the AODV protocol which like LAR also employs GPS coordinates to limit the search area used during the route discovery process. However, unlike LAR, GeoAODV does not make the assumption that every node in the network knows the traveling speed and location of the corresponding destination node. Instead, GeoAODV tries to dynamically learn and distribute location information among the nodes in the network. This paper examines and compares through simulation the performance of AODV, LAR, and GeoAODV protocols under different environmental settings.

Due to the continuous advancements in wireless communication in terms of quality of communication and affordability of the technology, the application area of Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) significantly growing particularly in military and disaster management. Considering the sensitivity of the application areas, security in terms of detection of Denial of Service (DoS) and intrusion has become prime concern in research and development in the area. The security systems suggested in the past has state recognition problem where the system is not able to accurately identify the actual state of the network nodes due to the absence of clear definition of states of the nodes. In this context, this paper proposes a framework based on Finite State Machine (FSM) for denial of service and intrusion detection in MANETs. In particular, an Interruption Detection system for Adhoc On-demand Distance Vector (ID-AODV) protocol is presented based on finite state machine. The packet dropping and sequence number attacks are closely investigated and detection systems for both types of attacks are designed. The major functional modules of ID-AODV includes network monitoring system, finite state machine and attack detection model. Simulations are carried out in network simulator NS-2 to evaluate the performance of the proposed framework. A comparative evaluation of the performance is also performed with the state-of-the-art techniques: RIDAN and AODV. The performance evaluations attest the benefits of proposed framework in terms of providing better security for denial of service and intrusion detection attacks.

Mobile ad hoc networks have a wide range of application usage today, due to its great services, easy installation and configuration, and its other distinctive characteristics. In contrast, the attackers also have developed their own way to disrupt MANET normal operations. Many techniques, approaches and protocols have proposed to support Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) survivability in adversarial environment. Survivable of routing operations is the key aspects of the challenge in MANETs because most of destructive attacks classified as active attacks and all are intent to attack MANET routing operation to prevent it from providing it services in a right time. In this paper, we will discuss the most effective and practical initiatives have designed to keep MANET survive in an adversarial environment and how it supporting MANET availability.

Abstract-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)is the physical layer in emerging wireless local area networks that are also being targeted for ad hoc networking. OFDM can be also exploited in ad hoc networks to improve the energy performance of mobile devices. It is important in wireless networks because it can be used adaptively in a dynamically changing channel. This study gives a detailed view about OFDM and how it is useful to increase the bandwidth. This paper also gives an idea about how OFDM can be a promising technology for high capacity wireless communication.