No abstract

Heterogeneous Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deploy hundreds to thousands of low-cost sensors in their area detection, and these heterogeneous nodes present the main parts of the Internet of Things (IoT) network. Sensor node parameters, such as initial energy and data processing capability largely influence the network's lifetime in WSN-assisted IoT. Despite the success of various hierarchical clustering strategies dedicated to WSNs, their widespread deployment makes the search for an optimal network routing protocol an open challenge. When every node starts off with the same energy, homogeneous networks are what most hierarchical protocols have in mind. Some protocols have considered heterogeneous networks, where sensor nodes have more power and traffic than others. The network lifetime can be extended as a result. In order to increase energy conservation and extend network lifetime, this research present a Heterogeneous Dynamic Multi-Hop Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (HDM-LEACH) protocol for WSN-Assisted IoT. HDM-LEACH is mainly based on a heterogeneous network system model, multi-hop communication, and a hierarchical clustering routing mechanism. Our heterogeneous network system model is composed of two energy-level nodes: normal nodes and advanced nodes. The proposed hierarchical clustering mechanism calculates the CH selection probability in an efficient and dynamic way. According to the simulation results, HDM-LEACH shows performance supremacy compared to existing algorithms in terms of stable period, energy conservation, and network lifetime.