BackgroundHemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults is often secundary to an infection or a neoplasm. In this last case, T cell lymphomas are the most frequent causes. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secundary to a B cell lymphoma has been rarely reported.Case presentationWe describe a case of a hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis complicating a T-cell rich B-cell lymphoma treated with conventionnal chemotherapy leading to a complete remission.ConclusionPrompt etiologic diagnosis and treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis leads to satisfactory outcome.

Cutaneous ␥/␦ T-cell lymphoma (CGD-TCL) is a recent entity described in the newly revised World health organization-European organization for research and treatment of cancer classification of cutaneous lymphomas. Only a few cases have been reported, of which two pediatric cases. A 15 years old child with a 6 months history of polyadenopathy, cutaneous lesions, general edema and deterioration of general condition was hospitalized. Results from laboratory testing, cutaneous histopathology and immunohistochemistry showed a primary CGD-TCL. Staging was completed by a total body computed tomography. Therapy was planified with SMILE protocol. It is a highly aggressive tumor resistant to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy. The GDTCL is characterized by a worse prognosis with a median survival of 15 months. Early diagnosis is essential and aggressive therapy is necessary.

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