Background: This study was carried out to find the rate of Cesarean section (CS) in our institute from 2012 to 2016 and also to find any change in the indications of CS over these five years.Methods: A retrospective analysis of data was done from the records of the patients who underwent CS and the rate of Cesarean section and the indications were noticed.Results: The rate of Cesarean section has increased from 43.85% in 2012 to 48.18% in 2016. There is increase in the number of Primary Cesarean cases from 61.8% in 2012 to 68.4% in 2016.The percentage of Elective CS has increased in last five years from 10.2% in 2012 to 23.6% in 2016 which is due to the drastic increase in Elective Repeat CS from 13.3% in 2012 to 43.4% in 2016. The first and second major indication of Primary CS over the years remained the same i.e. fetal distress and CPD. Other major contributing indications were Non-progress of labour, failed induction and Malpresentation. Oligohydraminos and IUGR, Multiple pregnancy and precious pregnancy have emerged as the major indication in last three years. Previous CS and Previous 2 CS contributed as the main indication for Elective CS.Conclusions: The rate of Cesarean section need to be reduced. The overall main indication for CS was Previous CS and thus Primary CS rate should be reduced. Fetal distress being the main indication for Primary CS should be further confirmed by fetal scalp pH findings and Repeat CS cases should be given more trial of labour.

Background: The interest in menopausal problems has increased in recent years, due to the expansion of human life span. Women are spending more than one-third of their lives in menopausal period. Due to this fact, estrogen deprivation can cause vaginal atrophy symptoms and vasomotor symptoms, which critically diminish quality of life (QOL) in postmenopausal women.Methods: This study is a retrospective observational/analytical study conducted in the menopausal specialty clinic in J. K. Hospital, L. N. Medical College, Bhopal over a period of 1 year. All the women who attained menopause either naturally or surgically who presented first time to the clinic for any complaints were evaluated for the UG symptoms with the help of face to face interview.Results: Out of the 300 women with menopausal symptoms, 182 i.e. 60.6% were married and 52% (156) were illiterate. The most prevalent menopausal symptom in present study was vaginal dryness 240 (80%).Conclusions: There is association with lower educational levels. Hence efforts should be made educate women about the symptoms and provide care at all the levels of health care delivery.

Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the success rate of manual vaccume aspiration in termination the first trimester pregnancy, study the merits and demerits of the method and compare it with other method i.e. medical abortion by misoprostol and mifepristone in first trimester MTP. Methodology: In a prospective randomized controlled study, participants were divided in two groups: Study group of 30 patients of 6-12 weeks gestational age subjected to MTP by manual vacuum aspiration. Another group consisted of 30 patients of 6-8-weeks gestational age who were subjected to MTP by medical method using mifepristone and misoprostol. Result: Present study consist of 30 cases of medical termination of pregnancy in I st trimester carried out by (manual vaccum aspiration) MVA. A comparison of observation and results was made with another group of 30 patients who had undergone pregnancy termination in I st trimester using mifepristone and misoprostol. In 6-8 weeks pregnancies incidence of complete abortion was 100% In 10 weeks complete termination was done in 8 patient's only 1 patient had incomplete termination. In medical abortion also results show that in up to 6 week pregnancy 3(12%) patient had incomplete expulsion, in up to 8 week 11(20%) patient had incomplete expulsion In present study over all success rate with MVA was 93.33% whereas with medical abortion success rate is found to be 86.67%. Conclusion: It is concluded from present study that Manual Vaccum Aspiration is safe, simple and easy procedure with minimal need of anesthesia and analgesia. It is very good option in low resource settings.

Introduction: Hysterosalpingography used to be a common Radiological Investigation since long time for the investigation of infertility. In the current era of imaging HSG remains to be a choice of investigation for infertility cases. It provides anatomical depiction of uterus and fallopian tubes by introduction of contrast agent. Objective: Objective of this study is to analyze the common pathological conditions detected on HSG in cases of primary infertility. Methodology: 140 cases of HSG were reviewed retrospectively in cases of primary infertility. Study covered age ranging from 20 yrs to 42 yrs. The largest number of patients who reported were between the age of 26-30 years-47.14%. Maximum patients were in the marital duration of 2-5 yrs-65%, followed by 6-10 Yrs-24% and remaining 16% above the duration of more than 10 yrs. Routine use of contraceptives by both partners were excluded in this study. Infertility caused by the male factor was also excluded. Standard protocol for HSG was followed with use of water soluble contrast. Results: Analysis of 140 cases show common cause of infertility as congenital uterine anomalies-6.42%, various levels of tubal blocks-17.2%, Uterine SOL/ Fibroid-4.28% and pelvic adhesions-6.42%. Conclusion: Hysterosalpingography still remains the choice of investigation in cases of primary infertility. Most of the cases with primary infertility had a normal HSG, followed by various uterine congenital anomalies and fallopian tube obstruction with or with hydrosalpinx. HSG is repeatable, cost effective, safe and less time-consuming procedure except for the fact that it involves small X-ray exposure to patient.