Aim: To evaluate prospectively the effect of pterygium excision on visual acuity and contrast sensitivity before and after surgery. Material & method: A prospective observational study where in 63 eyes of 63 patients with primary pterygia were studied before and after surgery. Examination was done in which contrast sensitivity was measured with pellirobson chart pre-operatively and one month postoperatively following pterygium excision with Conjunctival Limbal Auto Graft. Result: As the grade of pterygium increases, decrement in contrast sensitivity occurs. The visual acuity significantly increased after the surgery. Mean contrast sensitivity following pterygium surgery improved from 1.49±0.21 to 1.70±0.20 (p value <0.001). Conclusion: Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity improved significantly following pterygium excision surgery.

Introduction: To evaluate the corneal astigmatism and contrast sensitivity before and after pterygium surgery and to study the relationship between amount of astigmatism and contrast sensitivity in various grades of pterygia. Material and Method: Sixty three eyes of 63 patients with primary pterygia were studied before and after surgery. The astigmatism induced by primary pterygium was measured by manual keratometer and contrast sensitivity by Pelli Robson chart. Preoperative and postoperative values were compared using paired t-test and ANOVA test. Result: Astigmatism decreased significantly following pterygium excision. The mean preoperative refractive cylinder decreased from 3.29±1.46 D to 1.49±0.82 D postoperatively. Surgical removal of pterygium caused a significant reduction in refractive astigmatism. The amount of astigmatism decreased significantly following pterygium excision in grade II , grade III and in grade IV. In grade I pterygium, decrease in the amount of astigmatism was not statistically significant (p=0.515). The contrast sensitivity increased significantly following pterygium excision. The mean preoperative contrast sensitivity increased from 1.49±0.21 to 1.70±0.20 postoperatively. Surgical removal of pterygium caused a significant improvement in contrast sensitivity. Conclusions: Surgical excision of pterygium improves contrast sensitivity, visual acuity and reduces astigmatism. Contrast sensitivity testing may provide additional objective methods for documenting impaired vision in patients with pterygium when Snellen visual acuity is minimally affected. Corneal astigmatism and contrast sensitivity values in patients with pterygia are useful indicators for the need of pterygium surgery or as indicators of surgical success.

Background: Cataractous lenses manifest a number of changes such as protein modification. The present study was conducted to assess factors affecting the visual outcome in patients with phacolytic glaucoma. Subjects and Methods: Present study was conducted on 56 patients of phacolytic glaucoma of both genders. Patients were subjected to slit lamp examination. Fundus examination, IOP measurement and gonioscopy were done in all cases. Small Incision Cataract Surgery was done followed by posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in all cases. Results: Out of 58 patients, males were 58 and females were 26. Common complications were visual disturbances in 1, iritis in 7 and hyphema in 2 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Clinical presentation was deep anterior chamber with flare in 40, lens matter in anterior chamber in 6 and pseudohypopyon in 12 cases. Conclusion: Authors found that the outcome found to be better. There were less complications in the groups.

Background: Uveitis is an intraocular inflammation involving primarily the uveal tract. The present study was conducted to assess blindness in patients with uveitis. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted on 94 patients of uveitis of both genders. Detailed ocular examination was done by slit lamp biomicroscopy and direct/indirect ophthalmoscopy. In all patients, ocular symptoms, duration and recurrence were noted. Visual acuity was examined with the help of Snellen's test type and field of vision was recorded with Bjerrum screen. Results: Out of 94 patients, males were 52 and females were 42. Anterior uveitis was seen in 30, intermediate in 15, posterior in 22 and panuveitis in 27 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). There were 8 unilateral and 9 bilateral cases of visual loss in anterior type of uveitis followed by 10 unilateral and 7 bilateral in posterior uveitis. The difference was non-significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that there were higher numbers of visual loss patients in anterior and posterior type of uveitis.

Purpose: Current available therapies such as lubricants and anti-inflammatory drugs alleviate symptoms and reduce signs of dry eye. Various drugs have been developed to treat the underlying cause of disease .One such drug is Rebamipide 2% ophthalmic suspension. Our study aims to study the efficacy of Rebamipide 2% ophthalmic suspension in treating dry eye. Material and methods: It was a Prospective interventional study in which 60 patients were divided into two groups. Group A included those 30 cases which were subjected to rebamipide 2% (q.i.d) and 0.3% Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (q.i.d). Group B included those 30 cases, which were subjected to 0.3% Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (q.i.d) alone. Follow up was done at an interval of two weeks till twelve weeks. Beside recording improvement in symptoms following tests were performed at each visit -Schirmer's test, Fluoresce in staining test, Fluoresec in tear break up time (TBUT). Results: Cases treated with Rebamipide 2% eye drops showed a statistically significant improvement in both subjective and objective measures.There was a significant improvement in grittiness besides significant improvement in schirmers (p<0.001)), TBUT (p<0.01) and Fluorescien staining of cornea (p<0.001). The control group showed no significant difference compared to baseline. Conclusion: Our data suggests that rebamipide 2% ophthalmic suspension is effective in treating dry eye.