Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucosal disease that is usually detected in 0.5–2.2% of the human population. Among these, only 0.5–2.9% of the lesions progress to carcinoma. However, there are no prognostic markers available presently to recognize the increased risk in malignant transformation of the lesions. Selected markers for cell proliferation, adhesion, apoptosis and lymphocytic infiltration were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in addition to static cytometry for DNA content. The concept linking OLP and oral squamous cell carcinoma states that chronic inflammation results in crucial DNA damage, which further progresses to development of carcinoma. Even though in the past decade, enormous information has been accumulated on malignant potential of OLP, its transformation still remains unclear. Hence, the purpose of this article was to review cellular and molecular markers to understand the pathogenesis of OLP and its progression toward malignancy.

Aims and Objectives:The study was conducted to evaluate the Colonization & Inhibition of Candida albicans in selected commercially available denture lining materials material by mixing them with varying concentrations and doses of tea tree oil.Materials and Methods:Five test discs of 10mm diameter and 1.5mm thickness were prepared using commercially available soft denture lining materials (Viscogel and GC-soft). Tea tree oil of varying concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) and doses (0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, 1.5 ml, 2.0 ml) were added during manipulation. Test discs kept in sterile artificial saliva were inoculated with Candida albicans (ATCC-2091 strain) and incubated for 6 weeks. These discs were fixed, dehydrated air dried and stained using 0.03% acridine orange stain and observed under Fluorescent microscope to count the colonies on the surface of each disc to evaluate the colonization. To evaluate inhibition, test discs were placed on the top of Sabouraud's dextrose agar inoculated with Candida albicans (ATCC-2091 strain). After incubation at 370C for 48 hours, the zone of Inhibition formed around the samples was measured.Results:The GC soft liner had higher mean colonization and lesser zone of inhibition of C.albicans when compared to Visco-gel soft liner (P < 0.001) and highest zone of inhibition observed with 2 ml volume and 40% vol/vol concentration of melaleuca alternifolia (P < 0.05).Interpretation and Conclusion:By the addition of Tea Tree oil, Viscogel had good acquired good antifungal properties than GC-soft lining materials.

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Fixed prosthodontics is a zestful and progressing branch because of the numerous advantages that it has over removable prosthesis. The oral cavity for each scenario has its own complications and hence every individual case has its own approach keeping in mind the comfort, function, and aesthetics of the patient. In some cases, we come across an edentulous space on both the sides, creating a lone free-standing tooth. This clinical scenario with a pier abutment needs to be taken into consideration during restoration of the arch as the masticatory forces applied on the abutment teeth at one end of fixed partial denture (FPD) can result in the pier abutment acting as a fulcrum resulting in ultimate failure of the FPD and trauma to the periodontium. To overcome this complication, use of non-rigid connectors is advised. Many innovative clinical designs with modifications to the conventional bridges have been proposed over the years to undertake such a scenario most diligently. Selection of the right type of connector is imperative for the success while undertaking such a case. This era is of digital dentistry; hence, an innovative, time saving, and cost-effective way of fabricating non-rigid connector using Exocad software and 3D printing of split pontic FPD is presented in this case report.

Aim: Rehabilitation of atrophic maxilla using sticky bone and simultaneous implant placement. Presentation of Cases: Sinus augmentation along with simultaneous implant placement prevents the additional surgery. This often benefits both the patient and the dentist. This case report highlights the sinus augmentation procedure for rehabilitation of a severely atrophic posterior maxilla using Sticky bone, a combination of Xenograft and Platelet rich fibrin with simultaneous dental implant placement. Discussion:  Pneumatization of posterior maxilla often complicates dental implant surgery. Various sinus lift surgical procedures have been developed over the years, to increase residual alveolar ridge height. Implant placement is made easier by enhancing the posterior maxilla by various sinus augmentation procedure Conclusion: Direct sinus augmentation procedure using sticky bone for rehabilitation of severely atrophic posterior maxilla with simultaneous implant placement provides a reliable and predictable outcome.