No abstract

Fresh vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet. Consumed raw, they could be agents of transmission of intestinal parasites. The frequency and variability of parasites eggs on thirty-two samples each of lettuce, tomato and cucumber form irrigated vegetable farms in Bamako, Kati, Baguineda, Samanko, Sikasso and Niono were evaluated. The parasite load was assessed using Uga et al. method, which consist the counting of parasite eggs and cysts in 100 g of vegetable. The overall prevalence of parasitic contamination of vegetables was 20.83% of which 41.66% for lettuce and 16.66% for tomato. Cucumber was free of parasites eggs. Parasites found on the vegetables were Entamoeba coli and Trichomonas intestinalis (24.19% each), Ascaris lumbricoides (13.25%), Giardia intestinalis (12.9%), Balantidium coli (11.29%), Entamoeba histolitica (7.26%), Fasciola hepatica (3.23%), Trichinella spiralis (1.61%), Ancylostoma duodenale and Schistosoma intercalatum (1.04% each). The frequency of parasites on lettuce was 83.33% each in Bamako and Niono; 50% in Kati; 16.66% each in Baguineda and Samanko and 0% in Sikasso. Consumption of vegetables contaminated by parasites can cause a health risk for consumers.

The search for new molecules is needed to cope with the recrudescence of bacterial resistance. Actinomycetes, especially the genus Streptomyces remains the most requested for the production of bioactive substances. Nineteen samples of soil and mud from the pond of Demba Tiarki Tara were collected and treated. In total, 7 strains of Streptomyces were isolated by the calcium carbonate enrichment technique for the isolation of Streptomyces. The antimicrobial potency of isolated Streptomyces was assessed on human and plants pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp, Xanthomonas sp, Salmonella thyphi, Helminthos sp). Four of the tested actinmycetes strains showed antimicrobial activities against the pathogens used in the in vitro test. But only one strain showed high antagonist activity against Staphylococcus aureus and has a strong ability to produce melanin. Three strains were weakly active on Salmonella typhi. This result showed, for the first time, that the pond of Demba Tiarki Tara (DTT) contains bacteria producing bioactive compounds indicating the medical interest that the local population has in this pond. Secondary metabolite production by one strain may be an effective antibiotic for the management of resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.