Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is an exigent focus of interest for researchers since its inception. EDM has a wide range of applications due to its non-contact machining process based on the spark erosion method. EDM is a non-conventional machining process with high potential in the recent industrial era. Due to the few limitations of EDM, many hybrid techniques are evolved in recent years. The present review paper elucidates the in-depth mechanism of the material removal process in EDM. Hybrid EDM processes are also reviewed with special attention on powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM). A detailed comparison between the EDM and PMEDM is presented with a meticulous portrayal of the advancement and evolution of PMEDM. The emphasis is given on significant performance parameters, namely tool wear rate, material removal rate and surface roughness, besides other parameters. In addition, the study also includes different modelling, optimization, and surface analysis techniques on EDM. The paper concludes with the future scope of PMEDM in the fields of manufacturing along with its applications.

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