About 9% of area on earth is under crops out of which 91% is under various stresses. On an average, about 50% yield losses are due to abiotic stresses mostly due to high temperature (20%), low temperature (7%), salinity (10%), drought (9%) and other abiotic stresses (4%). As there is no scope for increasing area under agriculture, the increased productivity from these stressed land is a must to meet the ever increasing demand. Further, the severity of abiotic stresses is likely to increase due to changing climate leading to adverse effect on crops. Therefore, abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, sodicity, acidity, water logging, heat, nutrient toxicities/ deficiencies etc need to be effectively addressed through adoption of management practices like tillage and planting options, residue management, sowing time, stress tolerant cultivars, irrigation scheduling and integrated nutrient management to conserve natural resources, mitigating their adverse effect and sustainable wheat production.

Field investigations were conducted to improve the wheat yield and profitability through identification of suitable wheat cultivars and seeding machines under conservation agriculture (CA) after rice and sugarcane. For wheat seeding under CA after rice harvest with full residue retention, Turbo Happy Seeder (THS) was more appropriate, while in sugarcane ratoon with full trash, Rotary Disc Drill (RDD) was found suitable. Based on the research farm and farmer's field experiments, the wheat grain yield was similar under conventional tillage (CT) and CA. Among 32 wheat varieties (28 aestivum and 4 durum) evaluated under timely sown conditions, no significant yield differences were observed under CT and

Globally more than one-third of the irrigated area is under waterlogging which limits our wheat production and out of which northern Indo-Gangetic plains of India alone had 2.5 million ha affected by irregular waterlogging. So, to meet out the food demand of ever-growing population we have to find some alternates to harness the potential of the waterlogged area. With this point of view this investigation was conducted to study the changes in growth and biochemical behavior of wheat due to waterlogging at ear emergence stage in sodic soil and also to assess the traits conferring higher yield at experimental site of department of crop physiology, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.), India. The results showed that the genotypic variability exists for waterlogging tolerance in wheat varieties evaluated under investigation. HD-2009 which is susceptible to waterlogging gave poor performance in terms of growth parameters, biochemical behavior and traits conferring higher yield under waterlogging conditions at ear head emergence stage in sodic soil as compared to HD-2851, KRL-3-4 and KRL-99 wheat varieties. KRL-99 (1.80g yield plant -1 ) gave best results followed KRL-3-4 (1.37g yield plant -1 ) by under waterlogged conditions at ear head emergence stage in sodic soil.