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Acoustic barriers designed for sound insulation block airflow transport at the same time. However, in acoustic engineering, particular scenarios are calling for noise control in a flowing-fluid-filled circumstance. Acoustic metasurfaces, owing to their unique functional characteristics and vanishing size, hold out new solutions for acoustic ventilation barriers. In this review, we trace the development of acoustic ventilation barriers and categorize them into several variants. We focus on the core underpinned physics, such as local resonance and Fano-like interference, that can fulfill the task of simultaneous ventilation and sound-proofing. Since these mechanisms naturally support a very narrow working range, we further underline those efforts taken on expanding the sound-proofing range. Finally, current challenges as well as the outlook of future directions in this emerging field are discussed.

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