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Background: Puberty is a critical process for the development of sexual organs and reproductive ability. It is triggered and regulated by the hormones. Rosuvastatin can delay the onset of puberty through the inhibition of cholesterol and androgen biosynthesis. On the other hand, montelukast has protective effects against various diseases and against reproductive toxicity induced by other medications, but its effects on puberty have not been studied. Aims: Assessment of the protective effect of montelukast against rosuvastatin-induced delayed puberty. Settings and Design: At the university. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats aged 30 days and weighted 50–60 g were distributed to three groups (six rats per group) and intraperitoneally administered every day for 5 days with 0.2 ml of distilled water as control, 10 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and with rosuvastatin + montelukast (10 mg/kg for each drug). These animals’ groups were euthanised on day 50 of age to assess the effect of rosuvastatin alone and with montelukast on the serum levels of the reproductive hormones and histological manifestations and morphometric measurements of the testes. Statistical Analysis Used: One-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni multiple tests were performed to analyse the findings using the GraphPad Prism software. Results: Treatment of rats with rosuvastatin showed a significantly decreased level of testosterone and luteinising hormone as well as histopathological and morphometric alterations in the testicular tissues in comparison with the control. Interestingly, co-treatment of rosuvastatin with montelukast could not reverse or mitigate these changes induced late puberty. Conclusion: There is no protective effect of montelukast against rosuvastatin-induced delayed puberty.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that include diclofenac sodium and naproxen are frequently and widely used. Nevertheless, they cause adverse deleterious effects on multiple organs. This work represents a comparative study of the toxic effects of diclofenac sodium and naproxen in rats that is almost nonexistent.The methodology is applied on 15 rats orally administered nonsteroidal drugs for three weeks. The hematopathological and histopathological effects were evaluated. Abnormal hematological profile in both diclofenac sodium and naproxen treated groups comparing to the control is illustrated. Interestingly, the statistical comparison between the two treated groups revealed that in the naproxen group the red blood cells count, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were significantly lower, while the platelets and plateletcrit significantly increased more than another group. The histopathological micrographs demonstrated the harmful effects of both drugs in the kidney and lung tissues. We concluded that a high dose of naproxen potentially generates higher toxic effects compared to a lower dose of diclofenac sodium as habitually used.

Asthma is a chronic disease affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Rising asthma rates have fuelled a demand for more effort to focus on the possible effects of antiasthma therapies. Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist was shown to be an essential mediator of asthma. It has a dual mechanism of action, acting as a bronchodilator and antiinflammatory. However, such therapy is associated with harmful effects. This study aimed to determine the short term effects following montelukast treatment. A total of twenty female rats were assigned into two equal groups. The control group received vehicle 0.2 ml of saline solution (0.9%), while the treated group received 10 mg/kg/day of montelukast diluted in saline solution 0.9% for five consecutive days. The haematological, biochemical and histopathological analyses were studied. There were no significant differences in haematological analysis and liver enzymes compared with control group. However, there were significant reductions in the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein compared with control group. Also, several histopathological alterations in rat liver tissues and kidney following montelukast treatment were observed. In conclusion, montelukast has harmful effects even after short treatment periods.