To study the clinical profile and visual outcome in children with traumatic endophthalmitis undergoing vitrectomy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed from hospital records of Minto ophthalmic hospital, Bangalore between 1 st April 2014 to 31 st March 2015 on traumatic endophthalmitis in children less than 15 yrs. Complete ocular examination along with B scan was done and endophthalmitis was confirmed. Systemic evaluation and necessary blood investigations for general anaesthesia were done.23 Gauge Three port pars plana Vitrectomy was done as early as possible. RESULTS: A total of ten children with traumatic endophthalmitis who underwent vitrectomy for traumatic endopthalmitis between July 2014 to April 2015 were studied. Nine cases presented with corneal tear and one case presented with self-sealed scleral tear. Nine cases underwent primary tear repair with intravitreal antibiotics, followed by an early vitrectomy and one case underwent primary tear repair and vitrectomy as a single procedure. Vitreous biopsy was sent for grams stain, KOH mount and culture and sensitivity. Nine cases underwent lensectomy along with vitrectomy. One case underwent repeat vitrectomy after 4 day since the exudates filled the vitreous cavity. Two cases developed retinal detachment and underwent surgery for the same. At the end of two months 3 cases had vision of 6/24 or better, three cases had vision of 1/60 and 4 cases had total retinal detachment with subsequent phthisis bulbi. CONCLUSION: Nature of injury, delay in communication by the children, delay in observation by the parents, delay in arrival for treatment and virulence of the organism may result in poor visual prognosis in children with endophthalmitis.

To assess and compare the visual outcome of primary and secondary implantation of scleral fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens (SFIOL). METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 45 eyes of 44 patients who had undergone SFIOL procedure from July 2008 to February 2014. SFIOLs were implanted as a primary procedure or as a secondary procedure and the results which included the visual outcome in the two groups were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 18 and 27 eyes in which SFIOL was implanted as primary and secondary procedure, respectively. Follow up ranged from 3-24 months. Mean log MAR postoperative best corrected visual acuity in primary procedure was not significantly different (0.39(SD=0.21)) from that of secondary procedure (0.42(SD=0.25)) (p = 0.64). Post-operative best corrected visual acuity of 6/18 or better was achieved in 66.67% and 70.37% in primary SFIOL and secondary SFIOL group, respectively. In primary group 12 eyes (66.67%) had early complications as compared to 9eyes (33.33%) in the secondary group (p = 0.03). Late complications were observed in 5 eyes (27.78%) of primary SFIOL and 1 eye (3.70%) of secondary SFIOL. CONCLUSION: Secondary implantation of SFIOL seems to have a lower early complication rate than primary implantation although the final visual acuity and late complication rate are not significantly different. Hence, SFIOL offers a novel approach towards visual rehabilitation of aphakic patients who have zonular dehiscence or lack capsular support.

To assess the safety and efficacy of Nd YAG posterior hyaloidotomy or membranotomy as a treatment modality for pre-macular haemorrhage in valsalva retinopathy. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 10 eyes of 10 patients who underwent Nd YAG posterior hyaloidotomy for pre-macular haemorrhage in valsalva retinopathy from January 2006 to November 2014. Post procedure results were assessed in terms of clearance of pre macular haemorrhage, improvement in visual acuity, complications of procedure if any. RESULTS: 10 eyes of 10 patients with valsalva retinopathy were studied. These patients presented within 4 weeks of onset of symptoms. The pre-macular haemorrhage of more than 3DD seen in association with valsalva retinopathy were included and drained into the vitreous cavity using Nd YAG laser. It was observed that 9 out of 10 patients had a vision of 6/12 or better (90%) out of which 7 had 6/6 vision (70%). No patients had any complications. CONCLUSION: Nd YAG laser posterior hyaloidotomy or membranotomy can be considered to be a safe, inexpensive, nonsurgical treatment option for the management of pre macular haemorrhage valsalva retinopathy.

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Bilateral optic disc edema is usually a late manifestation of vestibular schwannoma. Raised intracranial pressure due to obstructive hydrocephalus or a large mass lesion are the known causes. We report a case of a 55-year-old female with decreased vision and bilateral hemorrhagic grade 5 papilledema. MRI revealed a small vestibular schwannoma (<2.5 cm) with mild communicating hydrocephalus. Intraoperative CSF pressure was high most likely due to raised protein level in CSF (1 g/L). Bilateral hemorrhagic grade 5 papilledema causing diminution of vision in a case of small vestibular schwannoma with communicating hydrocephalus prompted us to report this case.