The present study is the first to be conducted in order to determine the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Aeromonas hydrophila strains from diarrheic patients attending University of Abuja Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. A total of 153 stool samples were collected from out patients attending University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH). The diarrhoeic patients were screened for the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila using routine cultural methods and biochemical characterization. Our results did show that the overall isolation rate is (3. 92%). The prevalence per age group is presented showed that age group 26-30 years having the highest rate of (1.31%) of the total sample analysed. Age groups 11-15 and 16-20 years having the same prevalence rate of (0.65%) each, while the age groups d”5, 6-10 and >30 had no prevalence for Aeromonas hydrophila. The distribution of A. hydrophila infection among different sexes has shown that (2.22%) out of the six A.hydrophila were isolated from diarrheic stools collected from males, while (6.35%) were isolated from females. Statistical analysis showed that X2 yates corrected)= 0.05 P= 0.596, OR=1.10 (0.50<OR<2.80).This indicated the level of association between age and rate of Aeromonas infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of A. hydrophila showed that the isolates were extremely (100%) resistant to Ampicillin, Cephalothin, Gentamicin, Streptomycin, Sulphatriazone, Tetracyclin and Cotrimoxazole. All the isolates are highly susceptible to Colistin and Ceftazidime (100%) followed by Augmentin (83%). They are moderately susceptible to Cefutoxime 50%). Earlier studies revealed resistance to Tetracycline and Cotrimoxazole. Our study confirmed that Aeromonas hydrophila as an important enteropathogen responsible for diarrhoea in humans in Gwagwalada. Diagnostic regime should involve screening of this organism alongside other microorganisms responsible for diarrhoeic symptoms in man and animals. This is the first report to involve Aeromonas hydrophila in human diarrhoea and sought regime for choice of antibiotics for the management of the infection.

Antimicrobials are used for livestock production in the control and treatment of infections and as growth promoters but has been abusively used over the counter in middle and low income countries where access to these drugs are met with minimal restrictions and prescriptions. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a normal inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of animals and a major reservoir of antibiotic resistant genes. The study aimed to identify antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes of commensal E. coli isolated from cattle in Jos South Local Government Area (LGA) of Plateau State Nigeria. Forty eight (48) fecal samples were collected from cattle in four randomly selected commercial farms, screened for E. coli, confirmed by conventional PCR and antimicrobial resistant profiles were determined using ten (10) commercial prepared antibiotic discs. Conventional PCR confirmed seven (7) isolates of E. coli equivalent to 14.58 % prevalence. The isolates showed varied phenotypic resistance to six antimicrobials, with a 100 % resistance to Reflacin (10 mm), Ceporex (10 mm) and Nalidix acid (10 mm). Thus, the findings of this study suggests the possibility of an extensive use of cephalosporin among farmers in the study area. The need for a larger implementation of surveillance programme in order to reduce and curb the spread of AMR determinant was recommended.

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The study was intended for molecular detection of Salmonella Spp isolated from chicken. A total of 160 samples comprising of 40 liver, 40 spleen, 40 lungs and 40 intestines were collected directly into buffered peptone in universal bottles at the poultry slaughter houses of the four districts in Jos South Local Government area of Plateau State. The samples were enriched in 10 ml of Rappaport-Vassiliades broth and cultured onto Xylems Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar for the isolation of bacteria. The isolated bacteria were identified by studying staining characteristics, cultural properties on different selective media, biochemical tests, catalase and coagulase test, and finally by PCR. Out of 160 samples, 65 (41%) samples were found positive for Salmonella Spp on XLD and 24 (37%) positive by biochemical analysis. Two(2) Salmonella isolates were amplified by 942 bp gene based PCR. Antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out to ascertain the susceptibility of the organism to various antibiotics. Its results showed that the Salmonella isolates were resistant to amoxycillin (100%) and erythromycin (100%), gentamicin (100%), Clindamycin (100%) streptomycin (100%), tetracycline (100%), sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (100%) but sensitive to Ceftiofur (100%).