Ubiquitous learning environment confronts a set of challenges. First, how to make use of technology without losing pedagogical aspect of learning. Second, how to specify evaluation dimensions, aspects and criteria-what to evaluate, how we evaluate and what to take into account to evaluate. In order to response to these questions, we begin by reviewing the literature to determine challenges and evaluation's dimensions introduced by the ubiquitous learning environment. And then we introduce a proposed framework of evaluation ubiquitous learning that treat the issue of how considering contextual dimension from a technological point of view. This framework is considered in our researches that are interested in developing ubiquitous learning environments based on wireless and sensor technologies. Finally, we detail how we exploit this framework to evaluate a realistic case study.

The evaluation of educational scenario is important to educators. It is one of the more challenging tasks that the pedagogical designer is faced with. In fact, the higher cost of the implementation of learning scenarios in distance learning and the complexity of their context and their functionalities emphasize the need to evaluate and to simulate them in order to detect potential inconsistencies and then to provide valuable feedback and recommendations to designers. For these reasons, we propose, in this paper, a framework based on Timed Automata Theory for Malleable Learning Scenarios. The evaluation framework is based on four elements: time, space, role and activity. These elements can be used in order to evaluate if or not our educational scenario reveals inconsistencies. The result of this formal evaluation could be greatly useful to designers in order to increase their understanding of the learner's behavior with the existing scenario by revealing ambiguities and incompleteness that might otherwise go undetected before starting the implementation. Thus, designers could return on the phase of design to add missing elements.

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