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A novel series of 14 new isonicotinyl hydrazide derivatives 2a-g, 3a-g containing a 4-thiazolidinone / 2-azetidinone nucleus were synthesized by reacting N'-substituted arylidene / heteroarylidene isonicotinyl hydrazide 1a-g with thioglycollic acid in the presence of dry benzene and with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine, respectively. Structures of all newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of elemental analyses and spectral data (IR and (1)H-NMR). All the title compounds were tested for their in-vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv using Alamar-Blue susceptibility test, and the activity is expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in microg/mL. Among the series, compounds 2b, 2g, 3b, and 3g displayed an encouraging antimycobacterial activity profile as compared to that of the reference drugs isoniazid / rifampicin.

A novel series of 18 analogs of 2-substituted-5,6-diarylsubstituted imidazo(2,1-b)-1,3,4-thiadiazole 6a-r have been synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles 5a-d and an appropriately substituted a-bromo-1,2-(p-substituted)diaryl-1-ethanones 4a-e. Structures of these compounds were established by physiochemical, elemental analysis and spectral data. All the title compounds were tested for their in-vitro anti-tubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H 37 Rv using Alamar Blue susceptibility test and the activity expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in lg/ml. Among synthesized compounds, compound 6h (MIC = 1.25 lg/ml) exhibited excellent anti-tubercular activity with respect to other synthesized compounds and reference drugs. Compounds 6c, 6f, and 6g have also displayed an encouraging anti-tubercular activity profile. Further, some title compounds were also assessed for their cytotoxic activity (IC 50 ) against in a mammalian Vero cell line using MTT assay. The results reveal that these compounds exhibit anti-tubercular activity at non-cytotoxic concentrations.

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Mycobacterial diseases continue to cause high morbidity and mortality. Isolation, identification and sensitivity testing form the backbone of laboratory investigations. M. tuberculosis isolation needs 6-8 weeks on conventional egg containing media. For rapid isolation various methods have been evaluated. We evaluated biphasic system (Middlebrook 7H11 agar slant + Middlebrook 9H broth) in comparison with Lowenstein -Jensen (LJ) medium. In smear positive cases biphasic system showed the recovery rate of 97.05% as against 79.41% on LJ on incubation for 21± 4.44 and 28±3.76 days respectively. In smear negative and culture positive cases biphasic system and LJ showed isolation rates of 91.66% and 66.6% after 36±3.44 and 41± 4.09 days respectively. Biphasic system showed lower contamination rate (1.33%). Biphasic medium is superior to LJ medium in isolation of M. tuberculosis.