Herein we report a simple and efficient oxidative coupling of various aryl methyl amines with diverse coupling partners, such as o‐phenylenediamine (benzene‐1,2‐diamine), 2‐aminobenzenethiol and 2‐aminobenzamide, to synthesize the corresponding heterocycles using scalable and reusable heterogeneous catalysts under visible light irradiation. A systematic investigation led to the synthesis of benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles and quinazolinones under air atmosphere in very good to excellent yields. The strategy is atom economical and found to be tolerance towards different functional groups, and wide range of substrate scope. Furthermore, the methodology was demonstrated for its suitability on scale up and reusability. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and the analysis of band structures of pristine and Ba doped CoMoO4 systems showed that the doping of Ba in place of Co improved the catalytic performance of the system.

Pure and Bi 3+ -doped CePO 4 were synthesized by the simple co-precipitation method. Successful dopant incorporation into the host lattice of orthophosphate without altering the crystalline structure was confirmed by structure analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Raman characterization. Morphological investigation was done using HR-SEM which portrays the co-existence of nanospheres and nanorods in doped CePO 4 and only nanospheres in pure CePO 4 . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies confirm the +3 oxidation state of Ce 3+ and Bi 3+ with the presence of a trace amount of Ce 4+ in the as-prepared nanoparticles. Vibration sample magnetometer studies show weak ferromagnetic behavior of the nanostructures at room temperature. The absorption band in the wavelength range 200−300 nm accounts for 4f−5d electronic transition, and a red shift in the band edge is due to the increase in the band gap with the addition of the dopant. Photoluminescence emission spectra show broad blue-green emission owing to transition of Ce 3+ from the excited state to the ground state and also due to oxygen vacancy. The nonlinear optical absorption and optical limiting (OL) behaviors of Bi 3+ -doped cerium orthophosphate (CePO 4 ) were investigated using an open-aperture (OA) Z-scan technique under an excitation source of 532 nm nanopulsed lasers. The recorded OA transmittance curve reveals a transition from saturable absorption to reverse saturable absorption in pure CePO 4 at 2.46 GW/m 2 , whereas all the doped samples exhibit RSA attributed to 2PA. The increase in the nonlinear absorption (NLA) coefficient with on-axis intensity and the availability of the near resonant energy state due to the Bi 3+ dopant ensure the sequential 2PA (1PA + ESA) phenomenon. Compared to pure CePO 4 , doped nanostructures show improved NLA coefficients due to the availability of the defect state and oxygen vacancies in Bi 3+ -doped CePO 4 . Interestingly, a lower OL threshold (OLT) of 0.14 × 10 −13 W/m 2 is observed in 0.3% Bi 3+ -doped CePO 4 . The lower OLT value of Bi 3+ -doped CePO 4 ensures its potential candidature for OL applications in protecting optical sensors and human eyes.