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Purpose The purpose of this systematic review is to report complications, graft failure, fixation methods, rehabilitation protocol, clinical and patient-reported outcomes, and return to sports with the use of quadriceps tendon graft with the bone block (QT-B) and without bone block (QT-S). Methods According to the PRISMA guidelines a comprehensive search was performed across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from inception until April 2022. Only prospective studies using quadriceps tendon autograft with a minimum of 20 patients were considered for inclusion. The outcome measures extracted from the studies were the KT-1000, Lysholm score, Subjective and Objective IKDC, Tegner, Marx Score, complications, failures and/or revision surgery, and rate of return to sports. Cochrane risk of bias and MINORS tool were used for the risk of bias assessment of all included studies. Results A total of 13 studies were included, consisting of 5 randomized controlled trials, 6 cohort studies, 1 case–control and 1 case series. A total of 484 patients received QT-S in 6 studies of which 224 (46.2%) were males and 212 (43.8%) females with a mean age of 21.5 ± 7.5 (range 14–58). While 243 patients received QT-B in 7 studies of which 167 (68.7%) were males and 76 (31.3%) females with a mean age of 28.9 ± 4.5 (range: 18–49). The studies analyzed had a mean MINORS score of 14.6 (range, 12–19). Both QT-B and QT-S for ACL reconstruction reported satisfactory results in terms of patient-reported outcome measures. Although, a slightly higher anterior laxity was found with the QT-S than with the QT-B. Conclusion Quadriceps tendon with a bone block (QT-B) or without bone block (QT-S) for ACL reconstruction is supported by current literature. Both grafts are safe and viable options for ACL reconstruction with comparable clinical outcomes, complications and revision rates. Level of evidence Level IV. Registration PROSPERO-CRD42022347134; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/

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Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency (serum vitamin B12 <148pmol/L) is considered to be an important cause of anaemia in pregnancy. Pregnant women with this deficiency have an increased risk of developing preeclampsia, intra-uterine growth retardation and preterm labour. The current study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in pregnant women and its association with their dietary habits and socioeconomic status.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary care institute over a period of 2 months. Pregnant women visiting antenatal OPD were included in the study and those receiving vitamin B12 supplements, antacids, antiepileptic medication or methotrexate were excluded. Each participant was subjected to a predesigned structured questionnaire and their serum vitamin B12 concentration was done using quantitative determination by microplate enzyme immunoassay.Results: Of the 97 women included, majority were in the age group 20-25years (57.73%). 87.62% (85 women) were found to have anaemia and a total of 44women (45.36%) had vitamin B12 deficiency.Conclusions: The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in north India is considerably high, which may be the cause of neural tube defects and poor birth outcomes and neurological deficit in children born to these mothers.