Background: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of combined GA-Epidural Anesthesia (CEGA) with GA alone to attenuate hemodynamic responses and perioperative analgesia.Method: Authors conducted a prospective, randomized, double blind study, in which 60 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Group A received (n=30) received GA and Group B (n=30) received combined GA and Epidural Anaesthesia (CEGA). Authors analyzed the effect of combined epidural general anaesthesia as compared to plain general anaesthesia with regard to hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure), intraoperative anaesthetic requirement (intraoperative requirement of propofol), recovery score and postoperative analgesia (VAS score).Results: Authors found significant decrease in the heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in response to stress response to pneumoperitoneum in combined epidural general anaesthesia (CEGA) group compared to plain general anaesthesia (GA) group. Total amount of propofol required intraoperatively was less in CEGA group than in GA group. Recovery score and pain score (VAS) score were also compared which were better in CEGA group than in GA group. There were no significant intraoperative and postoperative complications noted in both the groups.Conclusion: Authors concluded that the use of epidural along with general anaesthesia helps in attenuating hemodynamic changes due to stress response to pneumoperitoneum, which results in maintaining stable intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamics during laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Combining epidural to general anaesthesia results in rapid recovery as compared to plain general anaesthesia and also helps in providing good postoperative analgesia.

Aims and objectives:The aim of the study was to compare epidural plain bupivacaine and plain bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate in patients undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery. Methodology: This Randomized parallel group double-blind controlled study was conducted on 60 patients of elective lower limb surgery. Group B received 0.5% bupivacaine +normal saline1ml of 0.9% and Group BM received 0.5% bupivacaine+ magnesium sulphate (1ml) containing 50mg Bupivacaine. Results: Both the drugs provided post-operative analgesia. Time for onset of sensory block in the two groups and there was significant difference between two groups in respect of onset of sensory block. The onset of block was significantly less in group BM compared to group B. The mean onset of sensory block (mean ± SD) was Group B-15.57±2.27 minutes and Group BM-12.93±1.14 minute. The time for onset of motor block, duration of sensory block, duration of motor block and duration of analgesia in the two groups and there was no significant difference. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Verbal rating scale (VRS) score and no of rescue analgesia by the patients in the two groups and there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Single dose epidural administration of 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride with 50mg magnesium sulphate produces predictable rapid onset sensory block with less side effect than plain 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride.

Background:To evaluate the effect of tamsulosin on blood glucose levels in euglycaemic rats and to investigate the effect of glibenclamide, tamsulosin and their combination on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Albino male wistar rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups (2 euglycaemic and 4 alloxan induced diabetic rats groups). In Euglycaemic rats either normal saline (0.5ml P.O) or tamsulosin (0.072mg/kg P.O) were given and blood glucose levels was estimated at 0 hr, 30min, 1hr, 2hr, 4hr on day 1 and at 0hr and 1hr on day 3 and day 7. Four groups of diabetic rats were given normal saline (0.5ml P.O), glibenclamide (5mg/kg P.O), tamsulosin (0.072mg/kg P.O), combination of glibenclamide and tamsulosin respectively and blood glucose levels were estimated on day 1, 3 and 7. Repeated measures ANOVA or paired 't 'test were used for within group comparison and one way ANOVA or unpaired 't' test were used for between group comparison. Results: In euglycaemic rats tamsulosin caused significant rise in blood glucose levels at 1 hr on all days and in diabetic rats tamsulosin itself did not cause any significant alteration in blood glucose levels. However, its combination with glibenclamide delayed the onset of hypoglycemic effect of glibenclamide & also reduced its hypoglycemic effect. Conclusions: Tamsulosin significantly increase blood glucose level in euglycaemic rats and it interact with Glibenclamide to reduce its hypoglycemic activity in diabetic rats.

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