Curd, Paneer and Cheese are rich source of milk protein, calcium, Vitamin A, Phosphorous, vitamins, minerals and protein which are required by the body in high proportions for healthy growth and development. It is common food in India. Cheese is also a rich source of fat. Curd, Paneer and Cheese can be correlated with Dadhi, Paneer and Cheese in Ayurveda classics which are listed in Nitya Asevaniya Ahara Dravya (food items not to be taken in daily diet). Present study aims to explain rationale behind description of these food items as Nitya Asevaniya Ahara Dravya.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disease. It is marked with swollen and tender joints, redness, pain and loss of physical functions. This mostly effects women than men and mostly prevalent in the age group of 35-50 years. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) is the Chinese medicinal herb used in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A diterpenoid, triptolide is reported to be the major constituent in TwHF which is responsible for the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity. This systemic analysis focuses on comparing and analysing the clinical efficacy and adverse events of TwHF extract used for the treatment of RA. Numerous preclinical studies (in vivo & in vitro) reported anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effect of TwHF extract in the RA models. TwHF extract is assumed to exhibit its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effect by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IFNγ, TNFα. It also works by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory mediators like COX-2, PGE 2, MMP1, MMP3, ICAM1, VCAM1. It induces apoptosis in lymphocytes and synovial fibroblast and inhibits the proliferation of B and T cells. In this analysis, results of the various clinical trials conducted by different researchers are reported and analysed for its clinical efficacy in RA. All most all the study reported significant improvement in arthritic score, swollen and tender joints, morning stiffness, DAS28, ESR and CRP level. Several studies and meta-analysis reported that TwHF extract/preparations are not inferior to DMARDs (MTX, Sulfasalazine) according to ACR20%, ACR50%, ACR70%, cDAI response and EULAR good response. In addition, it was reported that TwHF plus MTX combination therapy was superior and safe compared to MTX monotherapy. This analysis has concluded that the studies included in this analysis have its own limitations as most of the clinical trials were conducted in China only (selection bias) and duration of trials were short. Whereby long-term efficacy, safety and toxicity was not known. Therefore, more clinical trials in future with longer follow-up period are required to warrant the clinical efficacy in the management of RA.

Introduction: India is the land with near estimation of 6000-7000 medicinal floras. Comprehensive ethnobotanical studies of these natural healers highlight their multiple therapeutic applications. Moreover, different parts of a plant reveal different pharmacological activities due to the variation of phytoconstituents. Hence, standards should be available for all parts which are playing an important role in the pharmacological profile of the drug. The whole plant of Tylophora indica is used for the different therapeutic attributes, but standards of only leaves are available. Therefore, in the present study roots of T. indica were evaluated for establishing the standards of roots. Materials and Methods: T. indica leaves and roots were collected from the Ayushya Vatika, Lovely Professional University and subjected to physicochemical, qualitative, and high profile thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) study. Results: Results of physicochemical analysis of leaves were complying with the standards and results of roots for loss on drying, total ash, water soluble ash, acid insoluble ash, methanolic extractive values, and water-soluble extractive were 11.3 ± 0.6%, 6.8 ± 1.32%, 4.16 ± 0.98%, 1 ± 1.0%, 30.4 ± 1.75%, and 20 ± 1.6%, respectively. Qualitative analysis revealed that leaves are devoid of steroids, terpenoids, and amino acids. In HPTLC analysis two different solvents were used for both the samples and different numbers of RFs were observed in different samples. X-ray powder diffraction study of root indicates the absence of heavy metals such including mercury, lead, and arsenic. Conclusion: The investigated T. indica leaf samples comply with the standards. The results of the study revealed entirely different physicochemical, qualitative, and HPTLC profiles of roots. Hence, standards should be developed for the individual plant part which is going to be used as a medicine.

Introduction: Ethnomedicine is contributed to the evolution of different systems of medicine, namely, Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Naturopathy including the modern medicine. Enicostemma littorale blume [E. littorale (Mamajjaka)] is one of the traditional medicines used mainly in Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan as a stomachic, tonic, carminative, and appetizer. It is generally prescribed in the form of pills (Ghanavati) for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes in Ayurveda. Recent studies based on the antidiabetic effect of E. littorale suggest its role to reduce blood glucose by increasing serum insulin level. However, standards of Mamajjaka Ghanavati are not available in the official monographs. Objective: The study was designed to develop standards for the preparation and evaluation of Mamajjaka Ghanavati. Results and Discussion: The formulation is complying with the all standards available for the pills in the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India including hardness, friability, disintegration, and weight variation. High-performance thin-layer chromatography study revealed the presence of many phytoconstituents in the formulation.

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