Introduction: Improper denture hygiene leads to denture staining as well as various lesions of the oral mucosa associated with wearing of removable dentures. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge and awareness regarding denture staining amount complete denture wearers visiting Dental Department, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross‑sectional study was conducted among complete denture wearers visiting Dental Department of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital. A survey was conducted through a printed standard questionnaire with 15 questions delivered to the patients. Data were collected and coded, the statistical analysis was done using SPSS statistical software package. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The study showed that about 38 % of the patients were denture wearers for 6 months to 1 year. About 97% of patients consume coffee or tea regularly. About 65% of the patients consumed aerated beverages. 52% of the patients reported alcohol consumption habits. Tobacco chewing habit was reported by 7% of the patients. 17% of the patients reported cigarette smoking habit. Almost 92.9%% of the patients cleaned their dentures using some or the other method. 64% of the patients claimed to be aware of some or the other denture cleaning techniques. About 20.2% of the patients complained of halitosis, 11% of the patients complained of oral ulcers, and approximately 68.8% of the patients suffered from oral infections. Conclusion: The knowledge and awareness regarding the cleaning and staining of dentures was not adequate among study participants. Patients have habit of consuming tea, coffee, aerated drinks and alcohol which could lead to staining of the acrylic dentures. Therefore, care and hygiene of dental prosthesis including removable dentures is a life-long exercise.

Background: The treatment of the aesthetic region of mouth is complicated. Knowledge of the smile pattern which includes smile line, smile curvature, smile arc, labiodental relation, and tooth exposed determines the success of treatment. This is helpful in the diagnosis and treatment planning phases of aesthetic dentistry. Objectives: To determine the smile pattern in aesthetic region and to compare the different smile patterns. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was done in the department of Prosthodontics and Maxillofacial Prosthesis, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal from 15th October 2021 to 15th March 2022. A total number of 355 samples were taken by convenience sampling technique. After receiving participant’s consent, study was carried out using a digital camera. The camera was set to primarily capture the area between nose and chin, with lens parallel to the apparent occlusal plane of the participants. For study purpose, individuals were told to sit and hold head normally with their head in level with Frankfort horizontal plane. Results: The total number of participants were 355 out of which 153 (43.09%) were male and 202 (56.91%) were female. In the smile line pattern, the “Average” smile line was prevalent in a maximum number of participants (223, 62.8%) followed by the high and low smile lines. There was a significant relationship between the smile arc, labiodental relationship, and the tooth displayed. Conclusion: The findings of this study determines the smile pattern of this region, thus this will be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment planning during the treatment.

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Introduction: The most important aspect of dental and facial esthetics is the display of anterior teeth. It becomes a primary consideration to restore the correct size and proportion of anterior teeth for patients seeking prosthodontic treatment. There is tremendous influence of geographic location, race, ethnic background, gender in determining the size and proportion of anterior teeth. There is paucity of data regarding the width, length and width/length ration of central incisors in Nepalese population. Methods: An Observational, descriptive study was conducted in patients visiting T.U. Dental Teaching Hospital. Maxillary impression was made in alginate impression material and poured in dental stone. A digital caliper was used for the measurements, with a precision of 0.01 mm. The maximum mesiodistal width and the maximum crown length of the maxillary central incisors was recorded for each tooth. These data was tabulated and the width/length ratio was calculated. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science Version 17 (SPSS Ver. 17) and descriptive statistics was calculated. Results: A total of 127 participants were included in the study of which 64 (50.39%) were males and 63 (49.61%) were females. The mean width/length ratio for right and left central incisors are 0.89 and 0.86 respectively for males and 0.89 on both the sides for females. In case of right central incisors, males had higher mean crown width and length than female and these differences were found to be statistically significant. In case of left central incisor, there was a statistically significant difference in mean crown length between male and female, males having higher length score than female. Conclusion: Males had higher mean crown width and length than female and these differences were found to be statistically significant. The width/length ration for central incisor ranged from 0.86 to 0.89. Knowledge about the size and proportion of upper anterior teeth allows dental rehabilitation taking into consideration the local parameters of a population.

INTRODUCTION: Relining refers to resurfacing the tissue side of a denture with new base material to improve adequate adaptation of the tissue surface of the denture base to the bearing foundation. It is a cost-effective means to prolong the service life of the denture. The objective of the study was to determine knowledge, attitude, and practice about relining of complete dentures in clinical practice among Nepalese Prosthodontists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among Nepalese Prosthodontists practicing in Nepal from June, 2021 to August, 2021. A pre-tested questionnaire from a published study was used for the study. A comprehensive, self-administered questionnaire consisting of close-ended questions was mailed to the participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS Ver. 17. Descriptive statistics using frequency distribution and percentage was calculated. RESULTS: Majority 78% knew that relining is the process used to resurface the tissue side of the removable dental prosthesis with new base. 90.2% of respondents knew that relining is indicated when the residual ridges have resorbed and adaptation of the dentures to the ridges is poor. 70.7% of the participants preferred both direct and indirect technique for relining depending upon the cases. 90.2% of the respondents believed that the denture should be disinfected before relining, 9.7% disagreed that disinfection needs to be done before relining. 90.2% of the respondents felt that relining improves the stability and retention of the denture. All the prosthodontists agree that relining the denture improves the patient satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Nepalese Prosthodontists had adequate knowledge regarding indication, and techniques for relining of complete dentures. Regular clinical meets and continuing dental education programs may be helpful in apprising recent development in this field.