A high peak serum glucose level during cardiopulmonary bypass is an independent risk factor for death and morbidity in diabetic patients and unexpectedly also in nondiabetic patients.

Surgery for endocarditis continues to be challenging and associated with high operative mortality and morbidity. Age, shock, prosthetic valve endocarditis, impaired ventricular function, and recurrent infections adversely affect long-term survival.

Aortic valve-sparing operation is associated with low rates of valve-related complications. The probability of late aortic insufficiency was lower after the reimplantation procedure than after remodeling in our experience.