While coronary artery aneurysms are well recognised in Kawasaki Disease (KD), extra-coronary aneurysms are rare. We report a child with undiagnosed KD who presented with multiple coronary and extra-coronary aneurysms.A 9-month-old male infant presented with the sole complaint of a progressively increasing soft swelling in the left axillary region. On examination, it was soft, pulsatile, non-tender and had a bruit. The child was otherwise clinically normal. Ultrasonography with colour Doppler of the swelling showed a fusiform left axillary artery aneurysm 1 cm in diameter and 2.3 cm in length. On history, he had prolonged fever when he was 5 months old, associated with redness of his eyes (non-discharging), lips and tongue, and a diffuse reddish truncal rash. The mother also remembered the peeling of skin in the peri-anal area later on. However, the disease was undiagnosed at the time, and after approximately 4 weeks, the fever disappeared spontaneously.Echocardiography demonstrated giant aneurysms in the left main circumflex artery, right circumflex artery and left anterior descending artery, confirming our clinical diagnosis of KD. Computed tomography angiogram indicated fusiform aneurysm of the left brachial artery, 10.5 mm in diameter and 2.2 cm in length, and the right common iliac artery, 9.5 mm × 1.6 cm (Fig. 1). The child was treated with aspirin and warfarin with restriction of physical activities and referral to a specialist paediatric cardiology unit.Although KD-related arterial aneurysms affecting the aorta, subclavian, brachiocephalic, axillary, intercostal, celiac, mesenteric, hepatic, renal and iliac arteries have been reported, they are rare. [1][2][3][4] This case report demonstrates the importance of a timely diagnosis of KD and makes paediatricians aware of a rare extra-coronary complication.
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