Background: Antimicrobial resistance threatens the effective prevention and treatment of increasing number of cases of antibiotic resistance worldwide. So there is need of effective implementation of the treatment strategy to rationalize the antimicrobial use in the treatment of infectious disease. So the present study is aims to attempts to find the local antibiotic resistance, various microorganism responsible for infection using the antibiogram in the tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to check the Antibiotic resistance pattern based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Parul Sevasharam Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat. Total 150 patients were included in study, culture sensitivity test and bacterial identification was done as per the microbiology department standard guidelines. Patient’s data regarding to demographic details, culture sensitivity test results and prescribed antibiotics was collected for 6 months’ duration from October 2019 to March 2020. Results: Total 150 samples were collected throughout the study period of six months in the various departments in the hospital. The main finding of our study,greater resistance found in Ceftriaxone (78%), Meropenem (71%), Azithromycin (66%), linezolid (66%), Amoxicillin+clavulanic acid (63%), Ciprofloxacin (56%) of patients in these antibiotics. Greater susceptibility was found in Clindamycin (75%), Amikacin (65%), Piperacilline+tazobactum (62%), Cefoperazone (48%), ciprofloxacin (44%) of the patients. During our study, 20 antibiotics were commonly prescribed out of which ceftriaxone was most commonly prescribed in our study and which was found to most resistant in patient population. The most common bacteria identified in our study was gram negative bacteria in that E. Coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and KlebseillaPneuminiae was most commonly isolated.Conclusion: This study shows that there is increasing cases of antibiotic resistance identified in the hospital. Ceftriaxone is found to be most resistant in our study. So there is need of effective treatment strategies and use of antibiogram to find out the local antibiotic resistance pattern and to develop antibiotic policy for the safe use of antibiotic which is helpful for to reduce the antibiotic resistance.

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Global public health is threatened by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. There is an increased risk of illness, complication, increased hospital stays and death as well as an increase in the amount of money spent on medical treatment. This has a significant impact on the clinical aspects of infections with the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. The main aim of this review is to highlight the use of antibiogram in hospital and impact of antimicrobial stewardship program in fighting antimicrobial resistance. In addition, the study also focuses on the need of antibiogram and its development by creating the roadmap for antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems. The study also highlights policy documents on antimicrobial stewardship practices in India as well as at global level. In addition to this, the also highlights the process of antibiogram development and the need for an antibiogram in the current situation. Lastly, the study points out the role of hospital antibiogram in reducing antibiotic resistance.

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Objectives: The study mainly aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of subjects who attend the smoking cessation clinic and thereby, study and document the drug management in smoking cessation. Material and Methods: This was an observational study conducted among 160 patients for 8 months. A knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire was prepared and validated. All the details and directions for filling out the questionnaire were explained to the patients by the investigator. The questionnaire was given to the patients and all the required data were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 160 male patients were enrolled in the study. Majority of the participants had a good knowledge of the harmful effects of tobacco consumption. Around 96% knew that smoking could heighten their risk for different types of cancer and 93.8% were aware that smoking was a leading cause of many serious diseases. Majority of the patients (98.1%) had an attitude that quitting smoking was an individual choice and 96.3% were supportive of the fact that smoking in public places is an offense. Concerning their practice, 89.4% have attempted to quit smoking in the past and 78.8% have received advice from physicians earlier to cease smoking. Conclusion: The study revealed the good knowledge of patients and the majority of them tried to quit smoking as advised by their physician.