No abstract

The dynamic economic scenario of today ensures that industrial and environmental policies that contribute to greener supply chain are incorporated. This paper considers an interconnected three-stage forward and reverse supply chain, which provides green products to a green conscious market. The procurement of raw materials is responsible for the first stage of the supply chain; The second manufacturing/remanufacturing process; And the third stage of marketing the products to the consumer. There is one supplier, one manufacturer, and one retailer in the forward supply chain. New raw materials are used in this supply chain, and new products are manufactured and sold. There is also a market for remanufactured products and in this market, the same retailer also sells. There is one collector, one remanufacturer, and one retailer in the reverse supply chain. From consumers the collector collects used products; processes and sells the remanufacturable ones to the remanufacturer. If the raw materials supplied by the collector are not adequate to satisfy the demand, the remanufacturer purchases the remainder from the seller. Both the manufacturer and the remanufacturer use green manufacturing processes. Two models namely centralized model and decentralized model are formulated. A numerical example is taken to illustrate the two model and perform sensitivity analysis.

The present paper aims to demonstrate the combined impact of memory, selling price, and exhibited stock on a retailer’s decision to maximizing the profit. Exhibited stock endorses demand and low selling prices are also helpful for creating demand. The proposed mathematical model considers demand as a linear function of selling price and displayed inventory. This work utilized fractional calculus to design a memory-based decision-making environment. Following the analytical theory, an algorithm was designed, and by using the Mathematica software, we produced the numerical optimization results. Firstly, the work shows that memory negatively influences the retailer’s goal of maximum profit, which is the most important consequence of the numerical result. Secondly, raising the selling price will maximize the profit though the selling price, and demand will be negatively correlated. Finally, compared to the selling price, the influence of the visible stock is slightly lessened. The theoretical and numerical results ultimately imply that there can be no shortage and memory restrictions, leading to the highest average profit. The recommended approach may be used in retailing scenarios for small start-up businesses when a warehouse is required for continuous supply, but a showroom is not a top concern.

The dynamic economic scenario of today ensures that industrial and environmental policies that contribute to greener supply chain are incorporated. This paper considers an interconnected three-stage forward and reverse supply chain, which provides green products to a green conscious market. The procurement of raw materials is responsible for the first stage of the supply chain; The second manufacturing/remanufacturing process; And the third stage of marketing the products to the consumer. There is one supplier, one manufacturer, and one retailer in the forward supply chain. New raw materials are used in this supply chain, and new products are manufactured and sold. There is also a market for remanufactured products and in this market, the same retailer also sells. There is one collector, one remanufacturer, and one retailer in the reverse supply chain. From consumers the collector collects used products; processes and sells the remanufacturable ones to the remanufacturer. If the raw materials supplied by the collector are not adequate to satisfy the demand, the remanufacturer purchases the remainder from the seller. Both the manufacturer and the remanufacturer use green manufacturing processes. Two models namely centralized model and decentralized model are formulated. A numerical example is taken to illustrate the two model and perform sensitivity analysis.