BackgroundThis study aimed to examine the associations of age with the presence of complications and glycemic control in the Northwest of Iran.MethodsA total of 649 people with diabetes who were >25 years old and had a caring record in diabetes clinics in two Northwestern provinces of Iran during 2014–15, were recruited in this cross-sectional study. General information including demographic, socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors were collected by trained interviewers. Clinical information was retrieved from clinic's record. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess the predictors of diabetes outcome of interest as well as to clarify the role of age in relation to these outcomes.ResultsCompared to the age group of ≤49, the middle age group (50–59) and the older age group (60 years of age and older) were less likely to report poor glycemic control (OR fully adjusted = 0.49 95% CI: 0.28–0.86 and (OR = 0.44 95% CI: 0.24–0.80), respectively. Additionally, poor glycemic control was associated with income level, disease duration, hypercholesterolemia, high level of LDL and hypertension. In contrast, age was associated with the highest percentage of complications. People with duration of >7 years of disease record were 6 times more likely to have complications (ORadj = 5.98 95% CI: 2.35–15.22).ConclusionAlthough the prevalence of complications was higher among the older diabetic patients, they had a better glycemic control. The influential factors were variably associated with the two diabetes-related outcomes; therefore, a more comprehensive risk profiles assessment is needed for glycemic control.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12902-017-0175-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

INTRODUCTIONGestational diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy that can cause serious complications for both mother and fetus.1 Therefore, identifying risk factors for gestational diabetes is of high importance, because by knowing these factors screening programs can be conducted for susceptible women. Additionally, maternal and fetal complications can be prevented by early diagnosis and proper control of blood glucose levels.2 Although, impaired glucose tolerance disappears after delivery in these patients; more than 70% of the patients are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes after 10 years.3,4 Postpartum thyroiditis is a destructive thyroiditis that can be induced one year after pregnancy via autoimmune mechanisms. Postpartum thyroiditis can also occur after spontaneous or induced abortion.5 This complication can occur in one the following three forms: transient hyperthyroidism, transient hypothyroidism, or hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism, and then return to the normal state.The global incidence rate of postpartum thyroiditis varies from 1% to 17%. [6][7][8] The higher values (up to 25%) have been reported for women with type 1 diabetes, values higher than this (42%) have been observed in women with a previous history of postpartum thyroiditis, and the values ranging from 40 to 60% have been recorded for women with normal thyroid function during pregnancy but positive antiTPO.6,7 Most women within one year after delivery return to euthyroid state, however, some remain hypothyroid forever. 9-10Manifestation of ABSTRACT Background: Gestational diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy and postpartum thyroiditis is a destructive thyroiditis that can cause serious complications for the mother and her child. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of postpartum thyroiditis in women with gestational diabetes. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 86 cases satisfy inclusion criteria and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and were evaluated for postpartum thyroiditis with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), T4, anti-TPO, T3RU tests. The groups with and without thyroiditis were compared and data was analyzed by statistical methods. Results: There were 17 patients (19.8%) with postpartum thyroiditis, of whom 4 patients (23.5%) had hyperthyroidism, 9 patients (52.9%) were in the age group of 21 to 30 years, and 9 patients (52.9%) had a family history of diabetes. Five patients (29.4%) with high anti-TPO level (P=0.022) and mean TSH and anti-TPO respectively, 2.8 (4.8) and 17.2 (35.9). Conclusions: The results showed that higher level of anti TPO titer and family history of diabetes can be associated with a higher rate of postpartum thyroiditis, so it is recommended that postpartum thyroiditis to be examined in women with gestational diabetes who have these mentioned items.

Background: The study of cancer in spouses may play an important role in the assessment of cancer etiology. This study aims to evaluate the risk of gastro-oesophageal cancers among spouses.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of the Ardabil Cancer Registry (ACR) office for patients with a diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal cancers from 2002 to 2016. Data were collected by trained medical personnel through medical records.Results: A total of 2741 participants diagnosed with gastro-oesophageal cancer were enrolled in this study: 1786 (65.2%) had gastric cancer and 955 (34.8%) had oesophageal cancer. In the 14 years of the study period, twelve couples with gastro-oesophageal cancer were identified. The mean duration at marriage among the couples was 42.5 years of age. A positive history of consanguineous marriage was found in 2 (16.7%) of the cases. Of these 12 couples with gastro-oesophageal cancer, 8 (33.3%) were located in the oesophagus, 15 (62.5%) in the stomach, and one (4.2%) at the gastro-oesophageal junction. Histologically, all gastric cancers were adenocarcinoma and were located mainly in the cardia region (66.7%). However, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type of oesophageal cancer (87.5%) and were located mainly in the middle thirds and lower thirds of the oesophagus.Conclusions: The presence of shared risk factors among married couples such as lifestyle (smoking and alcohol consumption), nutritional habits, psychological stress, and H. pylori infection, indicating that environmental factors play an important role in the development of gastric cancer.