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Anticoccidial sensitivity tests (ASTs) serve to determine the efficacy of anticoccidial drugs against Eimeria field isolates in a controlled laboratory setting. The most commonly measured parameters are body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, gross intestinal lesion scores, and mortality. Due to the difficulty in reliably scoring gross lesion scores of Eimeria maxima , microscopic analysis of intestinal scrapings (microscores) can be used in the field to indicate the presence of this particular Eimeria. The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between E. maxima microscores and broiler body weights and gross E. maxima lesion scores in three ASTs. Day-old broiler chicks were raised for 12 days on a standard corn-soy diet. On Day 12, chicks were placed in Petersime batteries and treatment diets were provided. There were six birds per pen, four pens per treatment, and 12 treatments, for a total of 288 chicks per AST. The treatments were as follows: 1) nonmedicated, noninfected; 2) nonmedicated, infected; 3) lasalocid, infected; 4) salinomycin, infected; 5) diclazuril, infected; 6) monensin, infected; 7) decoquinate, infected; 8) narasin + nicarbazin, infected; 9) narasin, infected; 10) nicarbazin, infected; 11) robenidine, infected; and 12) zoalene, infected. On Day 14, chicks were challenged with an Eimeria field isolate by oral gavage. On Day 20, broilers were weighed, and gross lesion scores and microscores were classified from 0 to 4 depending on the severity of the gross lesion scores and E. maxima microscores. Data from three trials using different field isolates were statistically analyzed using a logarithmic regression model. There was no relationship (P = 0.1224) between microscores and body weight gain. There was a positive relationship between microscores and gross lesion scores (P = 0.004). However, there was also an interaction between isolate and treatment (P < 0.0001). Lastly, the interaction between isolate and gross lesion scores (P = 0.0041) demonstrates that the significance of the relationship between microscores and gross lesion scores may be dependent on pathogenicity of the challenge Eimeria or the amount of E. maxima in the inoculum.

No abstract

Daging ayam merupakan salah satu produk pangan asal hewan yang banyak dikonsumsi di Timor Leste. Salah satu aspek kualitas daging ayam yang harus diperhatikan adalah kualitas mikrobiologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi umum penjualan daging ayam dan kualitas mikrobiologis daging ayam berdasarkan jumlah hitungan cawan (Total Plate Count/TPC) dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae pada daging ayam lokal maupun impor yang dijual di Pasar Kota Dili, Timor Leste. Penelitian dilakukan pada 8 pasar dengan sampel sebanyak 150 yang terdiri dari 60 sampel daging ayam lokal dan 90 daging ayam impor. Metode TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae dilakukan berdasarkan SNI Nomor 2897 Tahun 2008 tentang Metode Pengujian Cemaran Mikroba dalam Daging, Telur dan Susu, serta Hasil Olahannya. Menurut International Commission on Microbiological Specification for Foods (ICMSF) tentang Kriteria Mikrobiologi dalam Pangan jumlah maksimum nilai TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae setiap bahan makanan masing-masing adalah 7 log cfu/g dan <102 cfu/g (toleransi negara tertentu 102–104 cfu/g). Nilai rata-rata TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriacea daging ayam yang beredar di Timor Leste berdasarkan penelitian ini masing-masing 4.78 ± 0.90 log cfu/g (3.05 × 105 ± 5.66 × 105 cfu/g) dan 3.34 ± 0.93 log cfu/g (2.86 × 104 ± 9.93 × 104 cfu/g). Kualitas mikrobiologi seluruh jenis daging ayam yang beredar di Timor Leste memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh ICMSF berdasarkan nilai rata-rata TPC. Sementara itu, berdasarkan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae, hanya daging ayam lokal dan daging ayam impor dari Brazil memenuhi standar jumlah Enterobacteriaceae yang ditetapkan oleh ICMSF. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, maka kualitas mikrobiologis daging ayam yang dijual di Pasar Kota Dili, Timor Leste berdasarkan TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae dapat disimpulkan yang terbaik adalah daging ayam lokal dan daging ayam impor dari Brazil, sedangkan kualitas yang kurang baik adalah daging ayam lokal dan daging ayam impor dari Malaysia, dan impor dari Amerika. Tingginya TPC dan jumlah Enterobacteriaceae pada daging ayam yang dijual mengindikasikan bahwa praktik higiene sanitasi di pasar perlu diperbaiki.