Martos, M. (2015) Independent and combined association of overall physical fitness and subjective well-being with fibromyalgia severity: the al-Ándalus project. Quality of Life Research. Copyright © 2015 Springer International PublishingA copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge Content must not be changed in any way or reproduced in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder(s) Purpose: The present study aimed: 1) to test the associations of overall physical 51 fitness and subjective well-being with fibromyalgia severity; and 2) to determine 52 whether the combination of overall physical fitness and subjective well-being is 53 associated with fibromyalgia severity among adult women patients. 54Methods: This cross-sectional study included 424 participants from Andalusia, 55Southern Spain. Overall physical fitness and the components of subjective well-being, 56 positive affect, negative affect and cognitive well-being, and fibromyalgia severity 57were assessed by means of the Functional Senior Physical Fitness Test Battery, the 58Positive And Negative Affect Schedule, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, and the 59 Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, respectively. 60Results: Overall physical fitness (² =-.23), positive affect (² =-.18), negative affect 61 (² =.26), and cognitive well-being (² =-.18) were all associated with fibromyalgia 62 severity. The patients with the highest overall physical fitness and the best subjective 63 well-being showed ~15% lower fibromyalgia severity than the groups with the lowest 64 fitness and poorest subjective well-being (Cohen's d > 1.0). 65 Conclusion:Our results suggest that higher levels of overall physical fitness and 66 subjective well-being are associated with lower fibromyalgia severity. Moreover, 67there was a combination of physical fitness and subjective well-being so that the 68 patients with higher physical fitness and better subjective well-being (high positive 69 affect, low negative affect, or high cognitive well-being) presented lower 70 fibromyalgia severity than the group with poorer levels. 71

Background: Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by the presence of widespread chronic pain. People with fibromyalgia report lower levels of Positive Affect and higher levels of Negative Affect than non-fibromyalgia peers. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)–a widely used questionnaire to assess two core domains of affect; namely ‘Positive Affect’ and ‘Negative Affect’ –has a controversial factor structure varying across studies. The internal structure of a measurement instrument has an impact on the meaning and validity of its score. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the structural construct validity of the PANAS in adult women with fibromyalgia. Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 442 adult women with fibromyalgia (age: 51.3 ± 7.4 years old) from Andalusia (Southern Spain). Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factor structure of the PANAS. Results: A structure with two correlated factors (Positive Affect and Negative Affect) obtained the best fit; S-B χ2 = 288.49, df = 155, p < .001; RMSEA = .04; 90% CI of RMSEA = (.036, .052); the best fit SRMR = .05; CFI = .96; CAIC = −810.66, respectively. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that both Positive Affect and Negative Affect are core dimensions of affect in adult women with fibromyalgia. A structure with two correlated factors of the PANAS emerged from our sample of women with fibromyalgia from Andalusia (Southern Spain). In this model, the amount of variance shared by Positive Affect and Negative Affect was small. Therefore, our findings support to use and interpret the Positive Affect and Negative Affect subscales of the PANAS as separate factors that are associated but distinctive as well.

Positive psychology is the study of positive subjective experience and individual traits. Identifying deficits in positive psychology regarding fibromyalgia may inform targets for management. Therefore, the aim of the present case–control study was to compare the levels of positive affect, negative affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair in a large sample of women with fibromyalgia (cases) and age-matched peers without fibromyalgia (controls). This case–control study included 437 women with fibromyalgia (51.6 ± 7.1 years old) and 206 age-matched women without fibromyalgia (50.6 ± 7.2 years old). Participants self-reported their levels of (i) subjective well-being on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Satisfaction with Life Scale, (ii) dispositional optimism on the Life Orientation Test-Revised and (iii) emotional repair on the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Women with fibromyalgia showed lower levels of positive affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair and higher levels of negative affect. Large effect sizes were found for positive affect, negative affect and satisfaction with life (all, Cohen’s d ≥ 0.80) and small-to-moderate for emotional repair and optimism (both, Cohen’s d ≥ 0.50). Women with fibromyalgia experience deficits of positive psychology resources. Thus, developing tailored therapies for fibromyalgia focusing on reducing deficits in positive psychology resources may be of clinical interest, though this remains to be corroborated in future research.

Abstracts / Rev Andal Med Deporte. 2015;8(1):20-47 29 self-rated fitness (SRF) as predictors of all-cause mortality. Moreover, we also examined whether any protective effect of SRH on premature mortality was mediated by SRPA, SRF.Methods. SRH, SRPA and SRF were self-reported in 7111 participants, aged 16 to 96 years, by asking their perceptions of health, PA and fitness, respectively, in comparison with their age peers. Based on their ratings participants were categorised in 3 incremental groups. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine associations between SRH, SRPA, SRF and all-cause mortality.Results. During a median follow-up of 23 years, 1850 deaths occurred. SRH, SRPA and SRF were inversely and independently associated with mortality (P < 0.05) after adjustment for sex, age, socio-economic and marital status, body mass index, baseline medical conditions, parental history of chronic disease, fruit, vegetable and alcohol intake, and smoking habits. The association between SRH and mortality remained significant following additional adjustment for SRPA, SRF. Self-rated factors combined were associated with a more than 50% reduced hazard for premature mortality when comparing extreme categories.Conclusion. SRH, SRPA and SRF are independent predictors of mortality. Perceptions of health, physical activity and fitness may be valuable additional tools in epidemiological studies, health surveillance and the clinical setting.http://dx.