on the occasion of his 65th birthday 1,3-diphosphetane-2,4-diyls [1] have a biradicaloid electronic structure with a small singlet-triplet gap, [2] and a low excitation energy. [3, 4] Their stability significantly depends on the substitution pattern. Thermally they undergo ring opening with generation of phosphanylcarbenes.[5] As was demonstrated recently, 1 a (R = H) isomerizes easily in a photochemical reaction to gauche-2,4-diphosphabicyclo[1.1.0]butane 2 (Scheme 1).[6] The formation of the bicyclic compound, however, can be suppressed by introducing sterically demanding substituents at both ring carbon atoms (1 b; R = SiMe 3 ) thus resulting in a homolytic cleavage of one PÀC aryl bond, with generation of 1,3-diphosphetane-2-yl 3.[7]The cleavage of the PÀC aryl bond in the photochemical reaction indicates that a radical anion formed from 1, through reaction with alkali metals, will undergo aniomesolytic cleavage, [8] thus finally giving the 1,3-diphosphacyclobutadienediide 4 (Scheme 2). Herein we report the synthesis of 4, the crystal structure of the dilithium complex 4 [Li(dme)] 2 and the mechanism of its formation.The 1,3-diphosphetane-2,4-diyl 1 a [6] is easily converted into the bis(trimethylsilyl) derivative 1 b. The reaction of 1 b with two equivalents of lithium proceeds with a color change from orange to red (Scheme 2). Analysis of the NMR spectroscopic data of the reaction mixture indicates the formation of two new products, in a ratio of 2:1, and identified as 1,3,5-tri-tert-butylbenzene and the dilithium salt 4 [Li(dme)] 2 . The analogous reaction of 1 b with potassium led to the dipotassium species 4 [K(dme) 2 ] 2 . Both species were isolated as highly air and moisture sensitive yellow solids.The molecular structure [9] of 4 [Li(dme)] 2 ( Figure 1) shows a monomer consisting of a planar, C i -symmetric four-membered P 2 C 2 -ring (a(PCP) = 83.8(1)8, a(CPC) = 96.2(1)8). The two lithium ions located 206.6(2) pm above and below the ring center are each coordinated by one molecule of DME. The PÀC bonds are equivalent within the experimental error (179.7(1), 180.0(1) pm) and are comparable to those in similar complexes of d-and p-block elements. [10,11] The silicon atoms of the SiMe 3 substituents lie in the four-membered ring plane and the methyl groups of the two SiMe 3 units adopt a staggered conformation. The SiÀC(P 2 ) bonds (181.9(1) pm) are comparable to the SiÀC bond lengths in silyl substituted cyclobutadiene dianions (183-186 pm).[12] These relatively short bond lengths have been attributed [12] to an effective p(C)!s*(Si) electron transfer ("negative hyperconjugation").The constitution of complex 4 [Li(dme)] 2 in solution is unequivocally assigned on the basis of multinuclear NMR spectroscopic investigations. The characteristic deshielding of the atoms in the central P 2 C 2 unit indicates a PC p-bonding system (d 31 P = 200.3, d 13 C Ring = 126.0 ppm (t, 2 J C,P = 59.2 Hz)). These resonance signals lie in the range typical for cyclic pdelocalized phospha-aromatics, such as P 2 (tBuC) 3 ·[...
Bulk response: Following the development of conjugated polymers that sense ions or neutral molecules, the first π‐conjugated polymer which is capable of detecting elemental chalcogens is presented. Individual reactions at the phosphole moieties (see picture) result in macroscopic responses of the bulk polymer.
Professor Bernt Krebs zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet 1,3-Diphosphetan-2,4-diyle [1] haben eine biradikaloide Elektronenstruktur mit einer kleinen Singulett-Triplett-Aufspaltung [2] und einer geringen Anregungsenergie. [3,4] Ihre Stabilität hängt maßgeblich vom Substitutionsmuster ab. Thermisch reagieren sie in der Regel unter Ringöffnung und Bildung eines Phosphanylcarbens.[5] Kürzlich konnten wir zeigen, dass 1 a (R = H) photochemisch leicht zum gauche-2,4-Diphosphabicyclo[1.1.0]butan 2 isomerisiert (Schema 1).[6] Die Entstehung der bicyclischen Verbindung kann jedoch durch sterisch anspruchsvolle Substituenten an beiden Ringkohlenstoffatomen unterdrückt werden; so reagiert 1 b (R = SiMe 3 ) in einer homolytischen P-C Aryl -Bindungsspaltung zum 1,3-Diphosphetan-2-yl 3.[7]Dass die P-C Aryl -Bindung nach photochemischer Anregung gespalten wird, spricht dafür, dass ein durch Umsetzung von 1 mit Alkalimetallen entstehendes Radikalanion eine aniomesolytische Fragmentierung [8] Der Röntgenstrukturanalyse [9] von 4[Li(dme)] 2 zufolge handelt es sich um ein Monomer, aufgebaut aus einem planaren, C i -symmetrischen P 2 C 2 -Ring (a(PCP) = 83.8(1), a(CPC) = 96.2(1)8; Abbildung 1). Die beiden Lithiumatome sind 206.6(2) pm ober-und unterhalb des Ringzentrums Z positioniert und werden jeweils von einem DME-Molekül koordiniert. Die PC-Abstände sind im Rahmen der experimentellen Genauigkeit äquivalent (179.7(1) und 180.0(1) pm) und ähneln denen in vergleichbaren Komplexen der d-und pBlock-Elemente. [10,11] Die Siliciumatome liegen in der Ringebene, und die Methylgruppen der beiden SiMe 3 -Gruppen sind gestaffelt zueinander angeordnet. Die Si-C(P 2 )-Abstände (181.9(1) pm) sind mit den Si-C-Bindungslängen von silylsubstituierten Cyclobutadiendianionen (183-186 pm) vergleichbar.[12] Die Kürze dieser Bindungen kann auf einen effektiven p(C)!s*(Si)-Elektronentransfer ("negative Hyperkonjugation") zurückgeführt werden.Die Konstitution des Komplexes 4[Li(dme)] 2 in Lösung konnte auf der Grundlage multinuclearer NMR-Studien zweifelsfrei bestimmt werden. Die charakteristische Entschirmung der Atome der zentralen P 2 C 2 -Einheit spricht für ein Schema 1. Unterschiedliches photochemisches Verhalten von 1 a und 1 b. Mes * = 2,4,6-tBu 3 (C 6 H 2 ).Schema 2. Synthese der Diphosphacyclobutadiendiide 4. LDA = Lithiumdiisopropylamid, DME = 1,2-Dimethoxyethan.
Supramolecular extended frameworks based on a rotational molecular clip and having the same "primary structure" can exhibit either an unfolded or a folded framework. This process is driven by intramolecular π-π interactions, resulting in the formation of an infinite π-stacked column within the folded supramolecular framework.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.