A indústria têxtil representa para o meio ambiente uma atividade potencialmente poluidora, visto que gera grandes volumes de efluentes. Os rejeitos dessa atividade sem o devido tratamento, ao atingir os mananciais, representam ameaça ecológica e podem causar, ainda, danos à saúde pública. Nesse intuito, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a remoção do corante vermelho do Congo, de matéria orgânica carbonácea e de nutrientes de efluente sintético têxtil, utilizando biomassa imobilizada de Aspergillus niger AN 400 em reator em bateladas sequenciais. O etanol (0,5 g/L) foi adicionado ao meio como cossubstrato e o experimento foi realizado em escala laboratorial, tendo-se operado o reator durante 210 dias em 44 ciclos de 48 horas. Foram analisadas as variáveis: corante, Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO) bruta e filtrada, amônia, nitrato, nitrito, ortofosfato, fósforo e monitoramento do pH. A remoção média, considerando o final de cada ciclo, foi de 92% de corante, 80% de DQO bruta e 82% de DQO dissolvida. Com relação à remoção de nutrientes, o sistema apresentou-se instável, revelando oscilação entre remoção e liberação. Observou-se que os fungos foram dominantes no biofilme, uma vez que, em relação às bactérias, se obtiveram quatro vezes mais fungos. Destarte, o emprego do etanol como cossubstrato mostrou-se viável para remoção de corante. Palavras-chave:Aspergillus niger AN 400. Etanol. Vermelho do Congo. Abstract:The textile industry is the environment potentially polluting activity, since it generates large volumes of effluents. The waste of this activity without proper treatment, to reach the springs, represent ecological threat and can still cause harm to public health. To this end, the present work was aimed at removing the dye congo red, organic matter and carbonaceous synthetic textile effluent nutrients, using immobilized biomass of Aspergillus niger AN 400 in sequencing batch reactor. Ethanol (0.5 g / L) was added to the medium as cosubstrate and the experiment was conducted on a laboratory scale, and the reactor was operated for 210 days in 44 cycles of 48 hours. The following variables were analyzed: dye, chemical oxygen demand (COD) gross and filtered, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, phosphorus and monitoring the pH. The average removal, considering the end of each cycle was 92% dye, 80% gross COD and 82% dissolved COD. Regarding the removal of nutrients, the system had to be unstable, with oscillation between removal and release. It was found that the fungi were dominates the biofilm, as compared to bacteria was obtained fourfold more fungi. Thus, the use of ethanol as cosubstrate proved viable for dye removal.
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