Optimización y eficiencia en el análisis de datos en metodología observacionalOptimization and efficiency in the data analysis of observational methodology Manuela Rodríguez-Dorta y África BorgesUniversidad de la Laguna RESUMEN La metodología observacional resulta de gran relevancia para la evaluación del desempeño del docente en el aula, pues permite obtener información rica y flexible en contextos naturales. No obstante, al ser una metodología cara en tiempo y recursos es imprescindible contar con procedimientos que hagan posible aplicarla de forma eficiente. La Teoría de la Generalizabilidad (TG) ha demostrado que permite determinar el número mínimo de tiempo y sesiones a codificar para obtener información precisa. Sin embargo, es importante corroborar que con este procedimiento no se disminuye en precisión, es decir, que la información obtenida es lo más fidedigna posible con la realidad. Un complemento a la optimización de la TG puede venir dado por el análisis secuencial, siguiendo el principio de saturación, parando de analizar nuevas sesiones cuando no se presentan más patrones significativos. En este trabajo se analiza el comportamiento de un docente de Educación Especial en su desempeño profesional en el aula, partiendo de lo establecido por la optimización, añadiendo sesiones hasta que la última no aportara cambios sustanciales con respecto a las anteriores. Los resultados muestran que con cuatro sesiones se encuentra estabilidad en los patrones comportamentales que se producen en este profesor durante su actividad docente. La importancia de este trabajo radica en desarrollar procedimientos que permitan aplicar la metodología observacional de forma eficiente, siendo una de sus implicaciones más importantes facilitar la aplicación de esta metodología para la evaluación del desempeño docente en el aula. Aplicar evaluaciones rigurosas y exhaustivas, como las que permite la metodología observacional, es de gran relevancia para poder mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza.Palabras clave: eficiencia, Teoría de la Generalizabilidad (TG), precisión, análisis secuencial. Rodríguez-Dorta, M. y Borges, A. 2 ABSTRACTThe observational methodology is very relevant to the evaluation ot teaching performance in the classroom. It gets rich and flexible information in natural contexts. However, this methodology is very expensive if we take into account time and resources. For this reason efficient procedures are needed. The Generalizability Theory (GT) is useful for determining the minimum number of time and sessions to get accurate information. However, it is important to confirm that this procedure does not reduce the accuracy of the data. That is, the information obtained is accurate reflection of the reality. Sequence analysis is a complement for the optimization of Generalizability Theory (GT), following the principle of saturation. We included sessions and we stopped when no more significant patterns were found. This paper analyze the behavior of a special education teacher in their professional performance in the cla...

Providing quality education means to respond to the diversity in the classroom. The teacher is a key figure in responding to the various educational needs presented by students. Specifically, special education professionals are of great importance as they are the ones who lend their support to regular classroom teachers and offer specialized educational assistance to students who require it. Therefore, special education is different from what takes place in the regular classroom, demanding greater commitment by the teacher. There are certain behaviors, considered good teaching practices, which teachers have always been connected with to achieve good teaching and good learning. To ensure that these teachers are carrying out their educational work properly it is necessary to evaluate. This means having appropriate instruments. The Observational Protocol for Teaching Functions in Primary School and Special Education (PROFUNDO-EPE, v.3., in Spanish) allows to capture behaviors from these professionals and behavioral patterns that correspond to good teaching practices. This study evaluates the behavior of two special education teachers who work with students from different educational stages and educational needs. It reveals that the analyzed teachers adapt their behavior according the needs and characteristics of their students to the students responding more adequately to the needs presented by the students and showing good teaching practices. The patterns obtained indicate that they offer support, help and clear guidelines to perform the tasks. They motivate them toward learning by providing positive feedback and they check that students have properly assimilated the contents through questions or non-verbal supervision. Also, they provide a safe and reliable climate for learning.