Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are an important component of next-generation wireless networks that can assist in high data rate communications and provide enhanced coverage.Their high mobility and aerial nature offer deployment flexibility and low-cost infrastructure support to existing cellular networks and provide many applications that rely on mobile wireless communications. However, security is a major challenge in UAV communications, and Physical Layer Security (PLS) is an important technique to improve the reliability and security of data shared with the assistance of UAVs. Recently, Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) have emerged as a novel technology to extend and/or enhance wireless coverage by re-configuring the propagation environment of communications. This paper provides an overview of how IRS can improve the PLS of UAV networks. We discuss different use cases of PLS for IRS enhanced UAV communications and briefly review the recent advances in this area. Then based on the recent advances, we also present a case study that utilizes alternate optimization to maximize the secrecy capacity for IRS enhanced UAV scenario in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. Finally, we highlight several open issues and research challenges to realize PLS in IRS enhanced UAV communications.
In this research manuscript studies to investigate the association between tourism and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in emerging countries by selecting Malaysia from amongst the developing countries. The connection among tourism and FDI growth has been argued whether tourism contributes to the growth of FDI or it is impacted by growth of the economies (economic-driven tourism development). This paper studies the impact of tourism on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) growing in Malaysia. The purpose of this paper is to identify the key factors influencing foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Malaysia tourism business. This is done in order to effectively attract and withstand FDI as well as to remain economical.
The arguments in the article are based on the ongoing discourse in the academic community and among stakeholders, which has contributed to the articulation of the concepts and premises of sustainable development and the role of learning modalities, technologies and networks. The article draws on this discourse to explore the economic aspects of sustainable development, focusing on pervasive poverty, and the implications for educational actions. The concepts and underlying premises of education for sustainable development (ESD) are discussed. The article presents the key elements of an integrated approach to fighting poverty in the context of sustainable development. The role of learning and education in this integrated approach is outlined, framing the educational elements within the perspective of lifelong learning.Résumé Aspects économiques du développement durable, de la réduction de la pauvreté et des réponses éducatives-Les arguments présentés dans cet article s'appuient sur le discours actuel du monde universitaire et de certaines parties prenantes, qui contribue à formuler les concepts et principes du développement durable ainsi que le rôle des modalités, technologies et réseaux d'apprentissage. L'auteur s'inspire de ce discours pour explorer les aspects économiques du dével-oppement durable, en particulier de la pauvreté croissante et des implications en termes d'actions éducatives. Il analyse les concepts de l'éducation pour le dével-oppement durable (EDD) et les principes qui la sous-tendent, et présente les principaux éléments d'une approche intégrée de la lutte contre la pauvreté dans le contexte du développement durable. Il aborde le rôle de l'apprentissage et de l'éducation dans cette approche intégrée, qui insère les éléments éducatifs dans une perspective d'apprentissage tout au long de la vie.Zusammenfassung Wirtschaftliche Dimensionen von nachhaltiger Entwicklung, Armutsbekämpfung und pädagogischen Lösungsansätzen-Grundlagen dieses Artikels sind der derzeitige Diskurs unter Akademikern und Interessengruppen, der zur Formulierung der Konzepte und Prämissen der nachhaltigen Entwicklung beigetragen hat, sowie die Bedeutung von Unterrichtsbedingungen, Lerntechniken und pädagogischen Netzwerken. Unter Bezugnahme auf diesen Diskurs und mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die tiefgreifende Armut werden in diesem Artikel die wirtschaftlichen Aspekte nachhaltiger Entwicklung ausgelotet und diskutiert, was dies für Bildungsinitiativen bedeutet. Es werden die Konzepte und die zugrunde liegenden Prämissen der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwickung (BNE) diskutiert. In dem Artikel werden die wichtigsten Elemente eines integrierten Ansatzes für die Armutsbekämpfung im Kontext einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung aufgezeigt. Außerdem wird skizziert, welche Rolle Bildung und Erziehung in diesem integrierten Ansatz spielen, wobei die einzelnen pädagogischen Elemente in den Gesamtperspektive des lebenslangen Lernens eingeordnet werden.Resumen Dimensiones económicas del desarrollo sostenible, del alivio de la pobreza y de las resp...
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