The adsorption of chlorinated phenols from aqueous solution on granular activated carbon was studied in batch reactors. Singlecomponent equilibrium adsorption data for the eight compounds in two concentration ranges at pH 7.0 and 30°C were fit well by both the Langmuir and the Freundlich equations. The adsorptive capacities at pH 7.0 increase from pentachlorophenol to trichlorophenols and are fairly constant from trichlorophenols to monochlorophenols. Equilibrium measurements were also conducted for 2,4,5-trichlorophenol. 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 4-chlorophenol over a wide pH range. A surface complexation model has been proposed to describe the effect of pH on adsorption equilibria of chlorophenols on activated carbon. Activated carbon surface functional sites are divided into acidic and basic groups with which molecular and ionized forms of chlorophenols interact, respectively, and form two neutral complexes. The simulations of the model are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Waler Environ. Res., 67, 892 (1995).

A formidable scientific challenge for the development of self-healing polymers is how to rationally design molecular architectures that could integrate both highly efficient healing function and excellent mechanical performances. Here,...

Fast macro-damage repair and shear-free reprocessing of thermoset elastomers are achieved through NIR induced solid-to-fluid transition based on dynamic covalent urea bonds.