Objetivo: determinar la participación de las productoras e identificar sus desafíos y oportunidades en la cadena de valor del totopo en Santa María Xadani y clayuda en San Antonio de la Cal, Oaxaca, bajo el enfoque de género. Metodología: se utilizó un método mixto. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 136 productoras con la técnica cara a cara y la observación participante. Los datos se analizaron con el análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos, K-medias y el cálculo de costos, ingresos y ganancias. Resultados: los hallazgos revelan oportunidades como apoyos gubernamentales y adición de valor. Los desafíos de provisión, mercado, socioculturales, de acceso a información y financiamiento influyen en las ganancias de los segmentos y estancan sus actividades a negocios de subsistencia. Limitaciones: restricciones en el trabajo de campo por la pandemia de Covid-19. Se configuraron las preguntas a la lengua zapoteca. Conclusiones: se limita el emprendimiento y se desplaza a las mujeres de los eslabones más rentables en la cadena de valor del totopo y clayuda. La participación de las mujeres en los sistemas agroalimentarios contribuye al desarrollo rural, la inclusión, la equidad y la sostenibilidad.

The implementation of wind farms in the Istmo of Tehuantepec is a clear example of the use of the green economy as a strategy for capitalist accumulation, based on the use of the discourse of environmental mitigation to ensure the accumulation of large volumes of capital, for the benefit of national and transnational corporations. All this at the cost of the territorial rights of peasant societies, the dispossession of their resources and the destruction of their cultural landscape. Wind energy has become a symbol of the type of "sustainable" development sought by the new local, state and federal administrations. They promote social and environmental impact studies that consolidate wind projects as the option for the energy transition, where the only difficulty is the lack of adequate negotiation spaces regarding land rent. The wind potential in the Istmo of Tehuantepec is imperative, as it favors the development companies, limiting the benefits for local communities and increasing social rejection to the projects.

This article explores the level of Women’s Empowerment (W’E) from six empowerment domains: decision-making, autonomy, access and control of resources, community participation, and participation in business management, within the context of the corn-tortilla value chain. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data through the survey method and participant observation. The sample consisted of 136 women producers from two municipalities, 67 from Santa María Xadani in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and 69 from San Antonio de la Cal in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. The results highlight that women exercise five of the six explored domains of empowerment, two with high levels and three with medium levels of empowerment. The women’s income from selling their corn tortillas is used to buy food, raw materials, and health services. Much of their time is spent on corn tortilla production and marketing, and household activities. Finally, this study makes implications for public policy to contribute with the generation of strategies that raise the levels of W’E in agrifood systems in rural contexts.  JEL Codes: I31, J16, P42, Q01, R11 Received: 13/01/2023.  Accepted: 24/05/2023.  Published: 26/06/2023.