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The Public Safety Communications Research Division (PSCR) at NIST plays a primary role in research and development to impact public safety operational capabilities. PSCR's mission is to bring advanced capabilities to first responders and have a measurable impact on their ability to protect and save lives and property. This report details the impacts of PSCR's intramural and extramural programs across five leading indicators: Increasing Research Capacity, Disruptive Approaches and Technology, Standards, Products, and Public Safety Methods. As the PSCR program enters its final three years of allocated funding under the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012, it aims to increase its dynamic impact on the development of standards, methodologies, and technologies that will make the next generation nationwide public safety broadband network a reality. PSCR will continue to document and report on the outcomes of its diverse research to ensure that technical advancements supported by the program are made available for all stakeholders to maximize the operational effectiveness of first responders.

This publication is available free of charge from: https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.1219This report identifies and describes several of the most significant gaps within various components of the wireless industry. This report is intended to serve solely as a knowledge product that recognizes the major challenges facing the broader research community, and does not prescribe to make research and development (R&D) recommendations in light of specific organizations, initiatives, or standards development efforts. The data presented in this report was gathered through market research, a series of stakeholder interviews, and public working group meetings.

Over the next 20 years, the public safety community will simultaneously face unprecedented challenges and opportunities with the emergence of revolutionary new communications technology. In light of this transitional period, the Public Safety Communications Research (PSCR) program within the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) initiated a deliberate research and development (R&D) planning effort in 2013 to determine what technology R&D investments are necessary to transition public safety data, video, and eventually voice communications from the Land Mobile Radio (LMR) environment to a nationwide Long Term Evolution (LTE) broadband network. In order to optimize its investment resources, PSCR solicited input from first responders, officials from all levels of government, industry leaders, and academia. By leveraging expertise from across its diverse stakeholder base, PSCR can more accurately map the current state of the public safety and communications industries, identify current and future technology gaps, and make better-informed decisions on where its R&D initiatives will create the greatest impact. User Interface is the third in a series of technology roadmaps PSCR has developed since 2013. PSCR initiated its R&D roadmapping by publishing the Location-Based Services R&D Roadmap Report 4 in Spring 2015, later publishing the Public Safety Analytics R&D Roadmap Report in Spring 2016. User Interface was selected by PSCR as an important R&D opportunity area because it demonstrated high leveragability, feasibility, impact, and return on investment to the public safety community. It also continues to receive tremendous attention from technology companies, universities, and other government organizations, which underscores the importance of systematically surveying and recommending investment opportunities in the data analytics sector. User Interface-and human-computer interaction (HCI) more broadly-represents a vast subject area. Following publication of Public Safety Enhanced User Interface R&D Roadmap, PSCR will proceed to identify, prioritize, and launch formal R&D projects through its Innovation Accelerator Program. 5 The program, formally established in 2016, will use the $300 million allocated to NIST in the 2012 Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act for R&D efforts in support of the development and deployment of the National Public Safety Broadband Network (NPSBN). The Innovation Accelerator program leverages prize challenges, grants, and cooperative agreements to stimulate critical R&D for public safety communications technology including LMR to LTE integration, User Interface/User Experience, Location-based Services (LBS), Mission Critical Voice, and Public Safety Analytics. In order to optimize the allocation of public safety's R&D resources, PSCR will continue to engage stakeholders, coordinate activities, and create an understanding of the various actors advancing user interface (UI) technologies.

For the purpose of this workshop, PSCR defined the Internet of Things as "the networking, sensor, and analytical capabilities that allow information to be sent to and received from objects and devices using the internet." As public safety agencies prepare for the arrival of a nationwide broadband LTE network, they need to consider how to design systems that yield maximum operational benefit from the significant increase in data available, processing power, speed, and reliability that broadband will likely provide. Several key environmental drivers illustrate public safety's need for enhanced IoT capabilities:• Proliferation of Small Cell, Deployable, and Multi-Platform Networks: A greater number of networks will be needed to support customers' increased wireless demand in 5G and future environments. Communications networks will become more dynamic (networks brought in as needed) and platform-diverse (unmanned aerial systems, vehicle, cellular, fiber, satellite networks owned by various operators). These networks will need to interact seamlessly to ensure an optimal quality of experience for public safety users. • Proliferation of Edge Sensors, Computing, and Data Collection: A greater number of connected devices will increase the amount of data available to users and will strain existing networks and analytical systems. Public safety will need new device components to collect this information and new data and computing processes to transform this edge data into useful intelligence for first responders. • Public Safety Needs Solutions in Connected and Disconnected Environments:Emergency responders must have timely, accurate information regardless of whether they can connect to a broadband network. The ability to extract situational awareness in network-connected and device-local communications environments is a priority requirement for public safety. AgendaAttendees considered these environmental drivers, PSCR's IoT research to date and public safety's potential benefit from IoT adoption throughout the workshop. The agenda for the PSCR Internet of Things Workshop is detailed below:Day 1 (Wednesday, April 3) 9:00am Welcome, Introductions, and Background 10: