The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has transformed health systems worldwide. There is conflicting data regarding the degree of cardiovascular involvement following infection. A registry was designed to evaluate the prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities in adults recovered from COVID-19. We prospectively evaluated 595 participants (mean age 45.5 ± 14.9 years; 50.8% female) from 10 institutions in Argentina and Brazil. Median time between infection and evaluation was two months, and 82.5% of participants were not hospitalized for their infection. Echocardiographic studies were conducted with General Electric equipment; 2DE imaging and global longitudinal strain (GLS) of both ventricles were performed. A total of 61.7% of the participants denied relevant cardiovascular history and 41.8% had prolonged symptoms after resolution of COVID-19 infection. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 61.0 ± 5.5% overall. In patients without prior comorbidities, 8.2% had some echocardiographic abnormality: 5.7% had reduced GLS, 3.0% had a LVEF below normal range, and 1.1% had wall motion abnormalities. The right ventricle (RV) was dilated in 1.6% of participants, 3.1% had a reduced GLS, and 0.27% had reduced RV function. Mild pericardial effusion was observed in 0.82% of participants. Male patients were more likely to have new echocardiographic abnormalities (OR 2.82, p = 0.002). Time elapsed since infection resolution (p = 0.245), presence of symptoms (p = 0.927), or history of hospitalization during infection (p = 0.671) did not have any correlation with echocardiographic abnormalities. Cardiovascular abnormalities after COVID-19 infection are rare and usually mild, especially following mild infection, being a low GLS of left and right ventricle, the most common ones in our registry. Post COVID cardiac abnormalities may be more frequent among males. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10554-022-02706-9.
Introducción: El eco estrés evidencia la isquemia miocárdica como un trastorno regional y transitorio de la motilidad. El análisis visual es subjetivo y depende de la experiencia del operador, lo que ha motivado la búsqueda de un método semiautomático que permita minimizar esta limitación y así mejorar la confiabilidad y reproducibilidad de la prueba. Esto ha generado creciente interés en la introducción de la medición del strain longitudinal bidimensional antes del eco estrés y durante y después de él. Su determinación en las diferentes fases de apremio, en caso de que sea útil, permitiría reducir otras limitaciones, como la imposibilidad de alcanzar la frecuencia cardíaca submáxima, la dificultad de visualizar trastornos muy sutiles y el retraso en la adquisición de las imágenes, lo que incrementa los falsos negativos. Objetivos: Evaluar si el análisis del strain longitudinal realizado en reposo, cuando no hay evidencias de trastornos contráctiles visuales, es capaz de predecir el resultado del eco estrés y si el strain longitudinal basal es diferente en los pacientes con enfermedad coronaria significativa en comparación con los que no la presentan (en su evaluación previa al comienzo de la prueba). Material y métodos: Se compararon los resultados del strain longitudinal en reposo en 62 pacientes con eco estrés positivo incorporados en forma consecutiva en un período de 12 meses, a la mitad de los cuales se les realizó una cinecoronariografía (Grupo A) y a la otra mitad no se le efectuó este estudio (Grupo B) versus un grupo control (Grupo C) con prueba negativa y sin cinecoronariografía. Resultados: El strain longitudinal entre el Grupo A y el Grupo B no mostró diferencia estadística significativa (-21,8% ± 2,4% vs. -21,5% ± 2,5%), como tampoco el de los pacientes con prueba positiva (Grupo A + B) versus los controles (-21,67% ± 2,4% vs. 21,9% ± 2,8%). Conclusión: El strain longitudinal bidimensional no permitió predecir el resultado del eco estrés ni tampoco la presencia de enfermedad coronaria significativa en los pacientes que fueron sometidos a cinecoronariografía invasiva.
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