Post-harvest silvicultural practices in managed forests are seldom applied in the Amazon region. To tackle this problem, an experiment was established in 700 ha of upland dense forest in the Brazilian Amazon, aiming to test the main silvicultural treatments applied elsewhere in the tropics, in order to select the most promising ones and recommend their application as part of forest management practices in the region. The experimental area is located in the Rio Capim Forest Management Unit, municipality of Paragominas (2° 25'-4° 09' S and 46° 25'-48° 54' W), State of Para, Brazil, where some post-harvest silviculture activities such as tree girdling, planting in gaps and assistance of natural regeneration in gaps are performed. Among the girdled trees, the large-sized ones presented higher mortality rates, corroborating some studies carried out in the Amazon and elsewhere. In general, the survival of planted seedlings was considerably high (over 75%). The prospects of success of this approach as post-harvest silviculture are very promising. The survival of seedlings from natural regeneration of commercial species, mainly of the light-demanding ones, was high in the gaps created by logging, suggesting that natural regeneration can establish stands of commercial value. RESUMO: A prática de silvicultura pós-colheita em florestas manejadas é rara na Amazônia. Para tratar esse problema, um experimento foi estabelecido em 700 ha de floresta de terra firme na Amazônia brasileira, com o objetivo de testar os principais tratamentos silviculturais aplicados em florestas tropicais, selecionando os mais promissores e então recomendá-los para serem aplicados como parte das práticas de manejo florestal na Amazônia. O experimento, desenvolvido na Área de Manejo Florestal da Fazenda Rio Capim, município de Paragominas (2° 25'-4° 09' S e 46° 25'-48° 54' W), no Pará, envolve atividades de silvicultura pós-colheita, como anelagem de árvores, plantio de mudas e condução de regeneração natural em clareiras. Entre as árvores aneladas, aquelas de maior porte tiveram taxas de mortalidade mais altas, corroborando com estudos desenvolvidos em outras áreas de florestas tropicais. Em geral, a sobrevivência de mudas plantadas foi alta (acima de 75%). As perspectivas de sucesso das práticas testadas como alternativa para tratamentos silviculturais são promissoras. A sobrevivência das mudas de regeneração natural de espécies comerciais, principalmente daquelas intolerantes à sombra, foi alta nas clareiras, sugerindo que a regeneração natural pode ser suficiente para formar florestas de alto valor no futuro.
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