Adaptive camouflage refers to the adaptation of an object, such as a military vehicle or soldier, to its surroundings. Although the use of camouflage by military forces dates back to the First World War, this research will address the development of an adaptive color changeable system based on selected thermochromic inks following the colors used in Czech woodland and desert combat uniforms. The printed color pattern mimics leaf design, which transforms into desert design based on thermal conditions (hot air and body temperature). Target colors were prepared using six thermochromic inks, which were combined into a suitable mixture based on measured spectral and colorimetric data. The transition temperature of each thermochromic ink was measured together with the fastness properties of the printed color pattern. The data on rubbing fastness were satisfactory. Nevertheless, at high concentrations, thermochromic ink in the printing paste caused an unacceptable decrease in fastness. The wash property of printed fabrics showed reasonably good fixation of colors to the fabric surface. From the point of view of light fastness, the results confirmed that commercial thermochromic pigments are less resistant against solar radiation, and the resulting light fastness is between 1 and 2 on the blue scale. The special hydrophobic and UV treatment applied by the knife-over-roll method improved light fastness by 3–4 times. In this research, we demonstrated the potential to create a complex and dynamic range of patterns on textiles, with the promise of using one uniform for camouflaging in different types of environment.

Collisions between vehicles and pedestrians are a significant problem, and substantial evidence indicates that the problem is closely linked with low illumination. A less expensive approach to enhancing the conspicuity of pedestrians involves using retroreflective material – material that has been engineered to passively reflect light back in the direction of its source. In a Textile faculty of TU Liberec was developed microscopic method to research the affecting factors textile thin bands retroreflectivity [1]. This work has been done through the use of several quality tools allowing studying different phenomena such as effect of color and technology on retroreflectivity levels.

axis L + a + b +, L-, a-, b-) (DE = 5) were the differences in evaluation observers at all high luminance levels.

To demonstrate the limits of open-end rotor spinning, the outstandingly contaminated slivers were prepared from various blowroom waste mixed with virgin cotton and noils and processed to yarn. The aim was to simulate the processing of highly contaminated cotton waste to open-end rotor yarn sustainable way and analyze the impact of trash, dust, or fiber neps in slivers to yarn quality. To verify whether the dyeing of these yarn for given final use should be adjusted, yarns with high rustic appearance and yarns containing 20% residual bleached and optically brightened fibers possibly not evenly distributed are analysed before and after dyeing. The experiment proves that the processing of 98tex and 29.5tex yarns from outstandingly contaminated sliver via R37 with exchangeable trash channel is possible at acceptable quality for denim, home textile, or linen and ensures most of the demands related to user properties and durability, including uniform staining.

The human visual system is able to adapt to a wide range of the adaptive luminance levels. However, the chroma was found to be the most affected attribute in the assessments. Several color appearance models have been proposed to describe adaptation mechanisms and predict the color appearance at different luminance levels. A set of 72 color pairs of samples that surround four color centers with high chroma was prepared to the test the prediction performance of the CAMs. The visual assessment of these color pairs was performed at eight luminance levels including photopic, mesopic and scotopic luminance levels. The data from visual assessment were used to the test prediction performance of six color difference formula and color appearance models, namely CIELAB, CIECAM02, CAM02-UCS, CAM16, CAM16-UCS and CAM16-UCS with power function.